वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-11, verse-31

मातापित्रोर्विनाशेन सुग्रीव व्यसनेन च ।
कुमारो ऽप्यङ्गदः कस्माद्धारयिष्यति जीवितम् ॥३१॥

31. mātāpitrorvināśena sugrīva vyasanena ca ,
kumāro'pyaṅgadaḥ kasmāddhārayiṣyati jīvitam.

31. mātāpitroḥ vināśena sugrīva vyasanena ca
kumāraḥ api aṅgadaḥ kasmāt dhārayiṣyati jīvitam

31. sugrīva mātāpitroḥ vināśena ca vyasanena api
kumāraḥ aṅgadaḥ kasmāt jīvitam dhārayiṣyati

31. O Sugrīva, how will prince Aṅgada sustain his life, due to the destruction of his parents and also by misfortune?

Words meanings summery:

• मातापित्रोः (mātāpitroḥ) - of his parents (Vāli and Tārā) (of the mother and father, of the parents)

• विनाशेन (vināśena) - due to the destruction (by destruction, by ruin, by loss)

• सुग्रीव (sugrīva) - O Sugrīva (name of the monkey king) (O Sugrīva, one with a beautiful neck)

• व्यसनेन (vyasanena) - by misfortune (by misfortune, by calamity, by distress)

• च (ca) - and also (and, also)

• कुमारः (kumāraḥ) - prince (boy, youth, prince, son)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• अङ्गदः (aṅgadaḥ) - Aṅgada (name of Vāli's son) (Aṅgada (name), one who wears an armlet)

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - how, why (from what, why, how)

• धारयिष्यति (dhārayiṣyati) - will sustain (will sustain, will hold, will bear)

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life (life, living, livelihood)

Words meanings and morphology

मातापित्रोः (mātāpitroḥ) - of his parents (Vāli and Tārā) (of the mother and father, of the parents)

(noun)

Genitive, dual of mātāpitar

mātāpitar - mother and father, parents

Dvandva compound of mātṛ (mother) and pitṛ (father).

Compound type : dvandva (mātṛ+pitṛ)

• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)
• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)

विनाशेन (vināśena) - due to the destruction (by destruction, by ruin, by loss)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vināśa

vināśa - destruction, ruin, loss, disappearance, annihilation

From prefix vi- and root √naś (to perish) with ghañ suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Expresses cause.

सुग्रीव (sugrīva) - O Sugrīva (name of the monkey king) (O Sugrīva, one with a beautiful neck)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name), one with a beautiful neck

Compound of su (good, beautiful) + grīva (neck).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
• grīva – neck
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed directly.

व्यसनेन (vyasanena) - by misfortune (by misfortune, by calamity, by distress)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - misfortune, calamity, distress, adversity, addiction, vice

From prefix vi- and root √as (to throw, cast) with ana suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Expresses cause.

च (ca) - and also (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'vināśena' and 'vyasanena'.

कुमारः (kumāraḥ) - prince (boy, youth, prince, son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumāra

kumāra - boy, youth, prince, son, unmarried man

Note: Qualifies 'Aṅgadaḥ'.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes Aṅgada's situation.

अङ्गदः (aṅgadaḥ) - Aṅgada (name of Vāli's son) (Aṅgada (name), one who wears an armlet)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṅgada

aṅgada - Aṅgada (name), one who wears an armlet

Compound of aṅga (limb, body) + da (giving, wearing).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aṅga+da)

• aṅga – limb, body part
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, bestowing, wearing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √dā (to give) with ḍa suffix.
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - how, why (from what, why, how)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an interrogative adverb.

धारयिष्यति (dhārayiṣyati) - will sustain (will sustain, will hold, will bear)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of dhṛ

Future Active Indicative (causative stem)

3rd person singular, future tense (lṛṭ), active voice. Formed from the causative stem dhārayati.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life (life, living, livelihood)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living, livelihood, that which is lived

Past Passive Participle (used nominally)

From root √jīv (to live) with -kta suffix, used as a neuter noun.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dhārayiṣyati'.