महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-60, verse-7

दुष्करं भवता कर्म रणेऽद्य सुमहत्कृतम् ।
कौरवेन्द्रं रणे हत्वा गदयातिकृतश्रमम् ॥७॥

7. duṣkaraṁ bhavatā karma raṇe'dya sumahatkṛtam ,
kauravendraṁ raṇe hatvā gadayātikṛtaśramam.

7. duṣkaram bhavatā karma raṇe adya su-mahat kṛtam
kauravendram raṇe hatvā gadayā atikṛtaśramam

7. adya raṇe bhavatā duṣkaram su-mahat karma kṛtam,
(tvayā) raṇe gadayā atikṛtaśramam kauravendram hatvā

7. Today, in battle, a very great and difficult deed has been accomplished by you. You have slain the king of the Kauravas, who was excessively exhausted, in battle with your mace.

Words meanings summery:

• दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult (deed) (difficult to do, hard, arduous)

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you (Bhīmasena) (by you (honorific))

• कर्म (karma) - deed, accomplishment (karma) (deed, action, work, ritual action)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• सु-महत् (su-mahat) - very great (very great, very large, excellent)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - has been accomplished (done, made, accomplished)

• कौरवेन्द्रम् (kauravendram) - Duryodhana, the king of the Kauravas (the king of the Kauravas)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having slain (having slain, having killed)

• गदया (gadayā) - with your mace (with a mace, by a mace)

• अतिकृतश्रमम् (atikṛtaśramam) - who was excessively exhausted (excessively fatigued, one who has made excessive effort)

Words meanings and morphology

दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult (deed) (difficult to do, hard, arduous)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult to do, hard, arduous, impossible

compound of 'dus' (bad, hard) and 'kara' (making, doing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+kara)

• dus – bad, hard, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix
• kara – making, doing, causing, agent
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  from root √kṛ + suff. -a
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with `karma`

भवता (bhavatā) - by you (Bhīmasena) (by you (honorific))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), being, existing

Present active participle

From root `√bhū` (to be) + present participle suffix. Used as a polite pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agent of `kṛtam`

कर्म (karma) - deed, accomplishment (karma) (deed, action, work, ritual action)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, fate (karma)

From root `√kṛ` (to do) + suffix `-man`

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the passive construction

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

From root `√raṇ` (to rejoice, sound)

Root: raṇ (class 1)

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

adverb of time

सु-महत् (su-mahat) - very great (very great, very large, excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large, excellent, noble

compound of 'su' (good, well) and 'mahat' (great)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  indeclinable
  prefix
• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `karma`

कृतम् (kṛtam) - has been accomplished (done, made, accomplished)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished, created

Past Passive Participle

From root `√kṛ` (to do) + suffix `-ta`

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicative participle agreeing with `karma`

कौरवेन्द्रम् (kauravendram) - Duryodhana, the king of the Kauravas (the king of the Kauravas)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kauravendra

kauravendra - chief of the Kauravas, king of the Kauravas

compound of 'kaurava' (of the Kurus) and 'indra' (chief, lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kaurava+indra)

• kaurava – descendant of Kuru, belonging to the Kurus
  adjective (masculine)
  patronymic from Kuru
• indra – chief, lord, king, Indra
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the gerund `hatvā`

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

From root `√raṇ` (to rejoice, sound)

Root: raṇ (class 1)

हत्वा (hatvā) - having slain (having slain, having killed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root `√han` (to strike, kill) + suffix `-tvā`

Root: han (class 2)

गदया (gadayā) - with your mace (with a mace, by a mace)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club, weapon

Note: Instrument of `hatvā`

अतिकृतश्रमम् (atikṛtaśramam) - who was excessively exhausted (excessively fatigued, one who has made excessive effort)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atikṛtaśrama

atikṛtaśrama - one who has undergone excessive exertion, excessively tired

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'ati' (excessive) + 'kṛta' (done) + 'śrama' (effort). "One for whom excessive effort has been done."

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ati+kṛta+śrama)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively
  indeclinable
  prefix
• kṛta – done, made
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• śrama – effort, fatigue, toil
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `kauravendram`