महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-60, verse-21

नैष योग्योऽद्य मित्रं वा शत्रुर्वा पुरुषाधमः ।
किमनेनातिनुन्नेन वाग्भिः काष्ठसधर्मणा ॥२१॥

21. naiṣa yogyo'dya mitraṁ vā śatrurvā puruṣādhamaḥ ,
kimanenātinunnena vāgbhiḥ kāṣṭhasadharmaṇā.

21. na eṣaḥ yogyaḥ adya mitram vā śatruḥ vā puruṣādhamaḥ
kim anena atinunnena vāgbhiḥ kāṣṭhasadharmaṇā

21. adya eṣaḥ puruṣādhamaḥ mitram vā śatruḥ vā yogyaḥ
na kim anena atinunnena vāgbhiḥ kāṣṭhasadharmaṇā

21. This vilest of men is now no longer fit to be either a friend or an enemy. What is the use of repeatedly urging this one with words, as he is like a block of wood?

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• योग्यः (yogyaḥ) - fit, worthy, suitable, proper

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• मित्रम् (mitram) - friend, ally

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• शत्रुः (śatruḥ) - enemy, foe

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• पुरुषाधमः (puruṣādhamaḥ) - lowest of men, vilest man

• किम् (kim) - what, why, how, what use

• अनेन (anena) - by this (masculine/neuter)

• अतिनुन्नेन (atinunnena) - by the one greatly urged/pushed

• वाग्भिः (vāgbhiḥ) - by words, by speeches

• काष्ठसधर्मणा (kāṣṭhasadharmaṇā) - by the one having the nature of wood, like wood

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, that

योग्यः (yogyaḥ) - fit, worthy, suitable, proper

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yogya

yogya - fit, worthy, suitable, proper, capable

Gerundive

Derived from yoga (union, application) + ya (suffix for gerundive, 'to be done')

Root: yuj (class 7)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Derived from idam (this) + dyā (suffix for time)

मित्रम् (mitram) - friend, ally

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, ally; the Sun god

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

शत्रुः (śatruḥ) - enemy, foe

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

पुरुषाधमः (puruṣādhamaḥ) - lowest of men, vilest man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣādhama

puruṣādhama - lowest of men, vilest man, base man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+adhama)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person; the Supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• adhama – lowest, mean, vile, inferior
  adjective (masculine)

किम् (kim) - what, why, how, what use

(indeclinable)

अनेन (anena) - by this (masculine/neuter)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

अतिनुन्नेन (atinunnena) - by the one greatly urged/pushed

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of atinunna

atinunna - greatly urged, strongly pushed, severely afflicted

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ati- + root nud (to push, urge) + kta (past passive participle suffix)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+nunna)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively
  indeclinable
• nunna – pushed, urged, driven
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root nud (to push, urge)
  Root: nud (class 6)

वाग्भिः (vāgbhiḥ) - by words, by speeches

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - word, speech, voice, language

काष्ठसधर्मणा (kāṣṭhasadharmaṇā) - by the one having the nature of wood, like wood

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāṣṭhasadharman

kāṣṭhasadharman - having the nature of wood, like wood, inert as wood

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāṣṭha+sadharman)

• kāṣṭha – wood, log, piece of wood
  noun (neuter)
• sadharman – having the same nature (dharma), like, similar in quality
  adjective (masculine)
  From sa- (with, same) + dharma (nature)
  Prefix: sa