महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-60, verse-32

स चानेन नृशंसेन धृष्टद्युम्नेन वीर्यवान् ।
पात्यमानस्त्वया दृष्टो न चैनं त्वमवारयः ॥३२॥

32. sa cānena nṛśaṁsena dhṛṣṭadyumnena vīryavān ,
pātyamānastvayā dṛṣṭo na cainaṁ tvamavārayaḥ.

32. saḥ ca anena nṛśaṃsena dhṛṣṭadyumnena vīryavān
pātyamānaḥ tvayā dṛṣṭaḥ na ca enam tvam avārayaḥ

32. saḥ ca vīryavān dhṛṣṭadyumnena anena nṛśaṃsena
pātyamānaḥ tvayā dṛṣṭaḥ ca tvam enam na avārayaḥ

32. And that mighty warrior, as he was being felled by this cruel Dhṛṣṭadyumna, was seen by you, yet you did not stop him.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Drona) (he, that)

• च (ca) - and, yet (and, also)

• अनेन (anena) - by this (by this, with this)

• नृशंसेन (nṛśaṁsena) - by the cruel one (by the cruel, by the wicked)

• धृष्टद्युम्नेन (dhṛṣṭadyumnena) - by Dhṛṣṭadyumna (son of Drupada, destined to kill Drona) (by Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - mighty, valiant (mighty, powerful, valorous)

• पात्यमानः (pātyamānaḥ) - being felled, being thrown down (being felled, being caused to fall)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen (seen, observed)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - yet, and (and, also)

• एनम् (enam) - him (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (him, this (masc. acc. sg. of ena))

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अवारयः (avārayaḥ) - you did not stop (him) (you stopped, you prevented)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Drona) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to Dronācārya

च (ca) - and, yet (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अनेन (anena) - by this (by this, with this)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, it

Note: Refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna

नृशंसेन (nṛśaṁsena) - by the cruel one (by the cruel, by the wicked)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nṛśaṃsa

nṛśaṁsa - cruel, wicked, atrocious

Note: Agrees with 'dhṛṣṭadyumnena'

धृष्टद्युम्नेन (dhṛṣṭadyumnena) - by Dhṛṣṭadyumna (son of Drupada, destined to kill Drona) (by Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - proper name, Dhṛṣṭadyumna

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - mighty, valiant (mighty, powerful, valorous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - mighty, powerful, valiant

derived from vīrya (valor) + matup suffix

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' (Drona)

पात्यमानः (pātyamānaḥ) - being felled, being thrown down (being felled, being caused to fall)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pātyamāna

pat - to fall

Present Passive Participle (causative)

Derived from causative stem pātyaya- (to cause to fall) with śānac suffix in passive voice

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' (Drona)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Agent in passive construction 'tvayā dṛṣṭaḥ'

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen (seen, observed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dṛś (class 1) with -kta suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ'

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - yet, and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (him, this (masc. acc. sg. of ena))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, him

Note: Refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the one who was felling Drona

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Subject of 'avārayaḥ'

अवारयः (avārayaḥ) - you did not stop (him) (you stopped, you prevented)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vāray

Imperfect Tense, Active Voice, 2nd Person Singular (causative)

Derived from causative stem vāraya- of root vṛ (class 5/9). Imperfect prefix a-

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Used with 'na' to mean 'did not stop'