महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-60, verse-18

न न्याय्यं निहतः शत्रुर्भूयो हन्तुं जनाधिपाः ।
असकृद्वाग्भिरुग्राभिर्निहतो ह्येष मन्दधीः ॥१८॥

18. na nyāyyaṁ nihataḥ śatrurbhūyo hantuṁ janādhipāḥ ,
asakṛdvāgbhirugrābhirnihato hyeṣa mandadhīḥ.

18. na nyāyyam nihataḥ śatruḥ bhūyaḥ hantum janādhipāḥ
asakṛt vāgbhiḥ ugrābhiḥ nihataḥ hi eṣaḥ mandadhīḥ

18. janādhipāḥ nihataḥ śatruḥ bhūyaḥ hantum na nyāyyam
hi eṣaḥ mandadhīḥ asakṛt ugrābhiḥ vāgbhiḥ nihataḥ

18. O kings, it is not proper to strike down an enemy who has already been killed. Indeed, this dull-witted person has already been repeatedly struck down by harsh words.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• न्याय्यम् (nyāyyam) - proper, just, right

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - struck down, killed, destroyed

• शत्रुः (śatruḥ) - enemy, foe

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

• हन्तुम् (hantum) - to strike, to kill

• जनाधिपाः (janādhipāḥ) - O rulers of men, O kings

• असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly, often, many times

• वाग्भिः (vāgbhiḥ) - by words, by speeches

• उग्राभिः (ugrābhiḥ) - by harsh, by fierce, by terrible

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - struck down, killed, destroyed

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• मन्दधीः (mandadhīḥ) - dull-witted, slow-minded, foolish

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

न्याय्यम् (nyāyyam) - proper, just, right

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nyāyya

nyāyya - just, proper, right, suitable

Gerundive

Derived from nyāya (justice, rule) + ya (suffix for gerundive, 'to be done')

Prefix: ni

Root: i (class 2)

निहतः (nihataḥ) - struck down, killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - struck down, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ni- + root han (to strike, kill)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

शत्रुः (śatruḥ) - enemy, foe

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

(indeclinable)

Comparative form of bahu (much, many), used as an adverb

हन्तुम् (hantum) - to strike, to kill

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root han

Root: han (class 2)

जनाधिपाः (janādhipāḥ) - O rulers of men, O kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of janādhipa

janādhipa - ruler of men, king, lord

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+adhipa)

• jana – people, man, creature
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi

असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly, often, many times

(indeclinable)

From a (not) + sakṛt (once)

वाग्भिः (vāgbhiḥ) - by words, by speeches

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - word, speech, voice, language

उग्राभिः (ugrābhiḥ) - by harsh, by fierce, by terrible

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of ugra

ugra - harsh, fierce, terrible, mighty

निहतः (nihataḥ) - struck down, killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - struck down, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ni- + root han (to strike, kill)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, that

मन्दधीः (mandadhīḥ) - dull-witted, slow-minded, foolish

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mandadhī

mandadhī - dull-witted, slow-minded, foolish

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (manda+dhī)

• manda – slow, dull, weak, dim
  adjective (masculine)
• dhī – intellect, thought, understanding, mind
  noun (feminine)