महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-60, verse-51

संजय उवाच ।
अस्य वाक्यस्य निधने कुरुराजस्य भारत ।
अपतत्सुमहद्वर्षं पुष्पाणां पुण्यगन्धिनाम् ॥५१॥

51. saṁjaya uvāca ,
asya vākyasya nidhane kururājasya bhārata ,
apatatsumahadvarṣaṁ puṣpāṇāṁ puṇyagandhinām.

51. sañjaya uvāca asya vākyasya nidhane kururājasya
bhārata apatat sumahat varṣam puṣpāṇām puṇyagandhinām

51. sañjaya uvāca bhārata kururājasya asya vākyasya
nidhane puṇyagandhinām puṣpāṇām sumahat varṣam apatat

51. Sañjaya said: O Bhārata, at the conclusion of this speech by the king of the Kurus, a great shower of sweetly fragrant flowers fell.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya (Sañjaya (name of Vyasa's disciple and Dhritarashtra's charioteer))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• अस्य (asya) - of this (of this, its)

• वाक्यस्य (vākyasya) - of this speech (of speech, of a sentence, of a statement)

• निधने (nidhane) - at the conclusion (at the end, in the conclusion, in the placing)

• कुरुराजस्य (kururājasya) - of the king of the Kurus (Dhritarashtra) (of the king of Kurus)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressed to Dhritarashtra) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• अपतत् (apatat) - fell (fell down, dropped)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - a very great (very great, very large)

• वर्षम् (varṣam) - a shower (of flowers) (shower, rain, year)

• पुष्पाणाम् (puṣpāṇām) - of flowers

• पुण्यगन्धिनाम् (puṇyagandhinām) - of sweetly fragrant (flowers) (of holy-scented, auspiciously fragrant (things))

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya (Sañjaya (name of Vyasa's disciple and Dhritarashtra's charioteer))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - victorious, triumphant; name of Vyāsa's disciple and Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator

From sam-ji (to conquer completely).

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Irregular formation.

Perfect tense (liṭ), 3rd person singular, active voice of root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

अस्य (asya) - of this (of this, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here (demonstrative pronoun)

Genitive singular of 'idam'.

Note: Refers to the preceding speech.

वाक्यस्य (vākyasya) - of this speech (of speech, of a sentence, of a statement)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, statement

From root 'vac' (to speak) with suffix '-ya'.

Root: vac (class 2)

निधने (nidhane) - at the conclusion (at the end, in the conclusion, in the placing)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - end, conclusion, death, destruction, deposit

From ni-dhā (to place down, to end).

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

कुरुराजस्य (kururājasya) - of the king of the Kurus (Dhritarashtra) (of the king of Kurus)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kururāja

kururāja - king of the Kurus

Compound of 'kuru' (Kurus) and 'rāja' (king).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kuru+rāja)

• kuru – name of an ancient tribe and kingdom, descendants of Kuru
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressed to Dhritarashtra) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; an epithet for Dhṛtarāṣṭra or other descendants of Bharata

From 'bharata' (name of an ancient king) with the patronymic suffix 'aṇ'.

अपतत् (apatat) - fell (fell down, dropped)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. With augment 'a-'.

Imperfect tense (laṅ), 3rd person singular, active voice of root 'pat'.

Prefix: a

Root: pat (class 1)

सुमहत् (sumahat) - a very great (very great, very large)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, enormous, very large

Compound of 'su' (very, intensely) and 'mahat' (great).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'varṣam'.

वर्षम् (varṣam) - a shower (of flowers) (shower, rain, year)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of varṣa

varṣa - rain, shower, year, monsoon

From root 'vṛṣ' (to rain).

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: The subject of 'apatat'.

पुष्पाणाम् (puṣpāṇām) - of flowers

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of puṣpa

puṣpa - flower, blossom

From root 'puṣ' (to nourish, flourish).

Root: puṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'varṣam'.

पुण्यगन्धिनाम् (puṇyagandhinām) - of sweetly fragrant (flowers) (of holy-scented, auspiciously fragrant (things))

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, plural of puṇyagandhin

puṇyagandhin - having a holy or auspicious fragrance, sweetly scented

Compound of 'puṇya' (holy, auspicious) and 'gandhin' (having smell).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (puṇya+gandhin)

• puṇya – holy, sacred, auspicious, virtuous, pure
  adjective (neuter)
• gandhin – having fragrance, fragrant, smelling of
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from 'gandha' (smell, fragrance) with suffix '-in'.