महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-49, verse-56

देवलस्तु वचः श्रुत्वा भूतानां करुणं तथा ।
दिशो दश व्याहरतां मोक्षं त्यक्तुं मनो दधे ॥५६॥

56. devalastu vacaḥ śrutvā bhūtānāṁ karuṇaṁ tathā ,
diśo daśa vyāharatāṁ mokṣaṁ tyaktuṁ mano dadhe.

56. devalaḥ tu vacaḥ śrutvā bhūtānām karuṇam tathā
diśaḥ daśa vyāharatām mokṣam tyaktum manaḥ dadhe

56. devalaḥ tu bhūtānām daśa diśaḥ karuṇam vyāharatām
vacaḥ śrutvā mokṣam tyaktum manaḥ dadhe

56. But Devala, having heard the pitiable words of the beings crying out in the ten directions, made up his mind to give up final liberation (mokṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• देवलः (devalaḥ) - Devala

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, utterance

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures

• करुणम् (karuṇam) - pitiable, compassionate, lamenting

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that way

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

• दश (daśa) - ten

• व्याहरताम् (vyāharatām) - of those crying out, speaking

• मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - final liberation (mokṣa) (liberation)

• त्यक्तुम् (tyaktum) - to abandon, to give up, to forsake

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, thought, intellect

• दधे (dadhe) - he placed, he set, he made up (his mind)

Words meanings and morphology

देवलः (devalaḥ) - Devala

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devala

devala - Devala (a proper name, specific sage)

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, utterance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, utterance

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root śru with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhū (to be, exist)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to living creatures here, hence masculine gender.

करुणम् (karuṇam) - pitiable, compassionate, lamenting

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karuṇa

karuṇa - pitiable, compassionate, lamenting

Note: Used adverbially, modifying 'vacaḥ' which is neuter accusative.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that way

(indeclinable)

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, point of the compass

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

व्याहरताम् (vyāharatām) - of those crying out, speaking

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vyāharat

vyāharat - crying out, speaking, uttering

Present Active Participle

Present active participle from root hṛ with upasargas vi and ā

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhūtānām'.

मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - final liberation (mokṣa) (liberation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, release, freedom

Root: muc (class 6)

त्यक्तुम् (tyaktum) - to abandon, to give up, to forsake

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed from root tyaj with suffix -tum

Root: tyaj (class 1)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, thought, intellect

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding, thought

दधे (dadhe) - he placed, he set, he made up (his mind)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Perfect (Lit) of dhā

Root: dhā (class 3)