महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-49, verse-53

तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा उपदेशं चकार सः ।
विधिं च योगस्य परं कार्याकार्यं च शास्त्रतः ॥५३॥

53. tasya tadvacanaṁ śrutvā upadeśaṁ cakāra saḥ ,
vidhiṁ ca yogasya paraṁ kāryākāryaṁ ca śāstrataḥ.

53. tasya tat vacanam śrutvā upadeśam cakāra saḥ
vidhim ca yogasya param kāryākāryam ca śāstrataḥ

53. saḥ tasya tat vacanam śrutvā upadeśam cakāra ca
yogasya param vidhim ca kāryākāryam śāstrataḥ

53. Having heard those words from him (Devala), he (Jaigīṣavya) gave instruction. He also imparted the supreme method of yoga (yoga), as well as what should and should not be done according to scriptural injunctions.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of Devala (his, of him, of that)

• तत् (tat) - that

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• उपदेशम् (upadeśam) - instruction, teaching, advice

• चकार (cakāra) - Jaigīṣavya gave instruction (he made, he did, he performed)

• सः (saḥ) - Jaigīṣavya (he, that)

• विधिम् (vidhim) - method, rule, injunction, procedure

• च (ca) - and, also

• योगस्य (yogasya) - of yoga (yoga)

• परम् (param) - supreme, excellent, highest

• कार्याकार्यम् (kāryākāryam) - what should and should not be done, right and wrong actions

• च (ca) - and, also

• शास्त्रतः (śāstrataḥ) - according to the scriptures, by precept

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of Devala (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, statement

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: absolutive (gerund) form

उपदेशम् (upadeśam) - instruction, teaching, advice

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upadeśa

upadeśa - instruction, teaching, advice, precept

चकार (cakāra) - Jaigīṣavya gave instruction (he made, he did, he performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सः (saḥ) - Jaigīṣavya (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विधिम् (vidhim) - method, rule, injunction, procedure

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, injunction, method, destiny

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

योगस्य (yogasya) - of yoga (yoga)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yoga

yoga - union, spiritual discipline, method, application

परम् (param) - supreme, excellent, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate, distant

कार्याकार्यम् (kāryākāryam) - what should and should not be done, right and wrong actions

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāryākārya

kāryākārya - what is to be done and not to be done, proper and improper actions

Compound type : dvandva (kārya+akārya)

• kārya – to be done, duty, action
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  from root kṛ + ya
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• akārya – not to be done, improper action
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive (negative)
  negative of kārya
  Prefix: a
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

शास्त्रतः (śāstrataḥ) - according to the scriptures, by precept

(indeclinable)

formed with suffix -tas, indicating 'from' or 'according to'