महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-49, verse-20

न व्याहरति चैवैनं जैगीषव्यः कथंचन ।
काष्ठभूतोऽऽश्रमपदे वसति स्म महातपाः ॥२०॥

20. na vyāharati caivainaṁ jaigīṣavyaḥ kathaṁcana ,
kāṣṭhabhūto''śramapade vasati sma mahātapāḥ.

20. na vyāharati ca eva enam jaigīṣavyaḥ kathaṃcana
kāṣṭhabhūtaḥ āśramapade vasati sma mahātapāḥ

20. jaigīṣavyaḥ enam na ca eva kathaṃcana vyāharati
mahātapāḥ kāṣṭhabhūtaḥ āśramapade vasati sma

20. Jaigīṣavya did not speak to him (Asita Devala) at all. The great ascetic (mahātapāḥ) dwelled in the hermitage motionless like a log.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not

• व्याहरति (vyāharati) - addresses (him) (speaks, utters, addresses)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only, certainly)

• एनम् (enam) - him (Asita Devala) (him, this (masc. acc. sg.))

• जैगीषव्यः (jaigīṣavyaḥ) - Jaigīṣavya

• कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - at all (in any way, by any means, at all)

• काष्ठभूतः (kāṣṭhabhūtaḥ) - motionless like a log (become like a log, motionless like wood)

• आश्रमपदे (āśramapade) - in the hermitage (in the hermitage, at the hermitage site)

• वसति (vasati) - dwelled (dwells, lives, resides)

• स्म (sma) - (indicating past action) (an enclitic particle expressing past action when joined with present tense verbs)

• महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - great ascetic (Jaigīṣavya) (great ascetic, one of great austerity (tapas))

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

व्याहरति (vyāharati) - addresses (him) (speaks, utters, addresses)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vyāharati

Present Active Indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice, from root hṛ with prefixes vi and ā

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (Asita Devala) (him, this (masc. acc. sg.))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that

जैगीषव्यः (jaigīṣavyaḥ) - Jaigīṣavya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaigīṣavya

jaigīṣavya - name of a sage

कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - at all (in any way, by any means, at all)

(indeclinable)

काष्ठभूतः (kāṣṭhabhūtaḥ) - motionless like a log (become like a log, motionless like wood)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāṣṭhabhūta

kāṣṭhabhūta - become a log, motionless like wood

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāṣṭha+bhūta)

• kāṣṭha – wood, log, timber
  noun (neuter)
• bhūta – become, been, past, being
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root bhū (to be, to become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

आश्रमपदे (āśramapade) - in the hermitage (in the hermitage, at the hermitage site)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of āśramapada

āśramapada - hermitage, dwelling place of ascetics

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśrama+pada)

• āśrama – hermitage, monastic order, stage of life (āśrama)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śram (class 4)
• pada – foot, step, place, site
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pad (class 4)

वसति (vasati) - dwelled (dwells, lives, resides)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vasati

Present Active Indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice

Root: vas (class 1)

स्म (sma) - (indicating past action) (an enclitic particle expressing past action when joined with present tense verbs)

(indeclinable)

महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - great ascetic (Jaigīṣavya) (great ascetic, one of great austerity (tapas))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapās

mahātapās - great ascetic, having great austerity (tapas)

compound of mahā and tapas (nominal stem in -as)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tapas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• tapas – austerity, penance, spiritual heat (tapas)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Refers to Jaigīṣavya.