महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-49, verse-30

दर्शं च पौर्णमासं च ये यजन्ति तपोधनाः ।
तेभ्यः स ददृशे धीमाँल्लोकेभ्यः पशुयाजिनाम् ।
व्रजन्तं लोकममलमपश्यद्देवपूजितम् ॥३०॥

30. darśaṁ ca paurṇamāsaṁ ca ye yajanti tapodhanāḥ ,
tebhyaḥ sa dadṛśe dhīmāँllokebhyaḥ paśuyājinām ,
vrajantaṁ lokamamalamapaśyaddevapūjitam.

30. darśam ca paurṇamāsam ca ye yajanti
tapodhanāḥ tebhyaḥ saḥ dadṛśe
dhīmān lokebhyaḥ paśuyājinām vrajantam
lokam amalam apaśyat devapūjitam

30. saḥ dhīmān dadṛśe tebhyaḥ ye tapodhanāḥ
darśam ca paurṇamāsam ca yajanti
ca lokebhyaḥ paśuyājinām ca apaśyat
vrajantam amalam devapūjitam lokam

30. The wise Sañjaya saw the worlds destined for those ascetics (tapasvin) who perform the Darśa and Paurṇamāsa Vedic rituals (yajña). He also beheld the worlds of those who perform animal Vedic rituals (yajña), and he perceived the pure world, revered by the gods, as he went towards it.

Words meanings summery:

• दर्शम् (darśam) - the Darśa Vedic ritual (sight, appearance, seeing, a particular Vedic ritual)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• पौर्णमासम् (paurṇamāsam) - the Paurṇamāsa Vedic ritual (full moon, a Vedic ritual performed on the full moon day)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• ये (ye) - who (plural) (who, which)

• यजन्ति (yajanti) - they perform Vedic rituals (they perform Vedic rituals, they worship, they sacrifice)

• तपोधनाः (tapodhanāḥ) - ascetics (tapasvin) (those whose wealth is austerity, ascetics)

• तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - for them (referring to the ascetics) (to/for them, from them)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Sañjaya) (he, that)

• ददृशे (dadṛśe) - he saw (he saw, he appeared)

• धीमान् (dhīmān) - the wise one (Sañjaya) (wise, intelligent, thoughtful)

• लोकेभ्यः (lokebhyaḥ) - the worlds (destined for) (to/for the worlds, from the worlds)

• पशुयाजिनाम् (paśuyājinām) - of those who perform animal Vedic rituals (yajña) (of those who perform animal rituals)

• व्रजन्तम् (vrajantam) - going (towards it) (going, moving, approaching (masculine singular accusative))

• लोकम् (lokam) - the world (world, realm, people)

• अमलम् (amalam) - pure, spotless (pure, spotless, clear)

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he perceived (he saw, he beheld)

• देवपूजितम् (devapūjitam) - revered by the gods (worshipped by gods, revered by gods)

Words meanings and morphology

दर्शम् (darśam) - the Darśa Vedic ritual (sight, appearance, seeing, a particular Vedic ritual)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of darśa

darśa - seeing, sight, appearance, a particular Vedic ritual

From root dṛś (to see), forming a noun signifying 'act of seeing' or 'a specific ritual'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

पौर्णमासम् (paurṇamāsam) - the Paurṇamāsa Vedic ritual (full moon, a Vedic ritual performed on the full moon day)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paurṇamāsa

paurṇamāsa - relating to the full moon; a Vedic ritual performed on the full moon day

Derived from pūrṇamāsī (full moon day).

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - who (plural) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

यजन्ति (yajanti) - they perform Vedic rituals (they perform Vedic rituals, they worship, they sacrifice)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of yaj

Present Active Indicative

From root yaj (to perform Vedic rituals, worship), Parasmaipada, 3rd person plural, present tense.

Root: yaj (class 1)

तपोधनाः (tapodhanāḥ) - ascetics (tapasvin) (those whose wealth is austerity, ascetics)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tapodhana

tapodhana - one whose wealth is austerity, ascetic

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – heat, asceticism, austerity, penance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - for them (referring to the ascetics) (to/for them, from them)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative/personal pronoun)

Note: Can also be ablative plural, but dative 'for them' fits the context of seeing worlds destined for them.

सः (saḥ) - he (Sañjaya) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative/personal pronoun)

ददृशे (dadṛśe) - he saw (he saw, he appeared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect Active Indicative

From root dṛś (to see), Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular, perfect tense.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

धीमान् (dhīmān) - the wise one (Sañjaya) (wise, intelligent, thoughtful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - wise, intelligent, thoughtful, endowed with intellect

From dhī (intellect) + matup suffix.

लोकेभ्यः (lokebhyaḥ) - the worlds (destined for) (to/for the worlds, from the worlds)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, community

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Can also be ablative plural. Dative 'for' or 'towards' the worlds makes sense in this context.

पशुयाजिनाम् (paśuyājinām) - of those who perform animal Vedic rituals (yajña) (of those who perform animal rituals)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paśuyājin

paśuyājin - one who performs animal Vedic rituals/sacrifices

Compound of paśu (animal) and yājin (one who performs yajña).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paśu+yājin)

• paśu – animal, cattle
  noun (masculine)
• yājin – performer of a yajña/sacrifice, worshipper
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root yaj.
  Root: yaj (class 1)

व्रजन्तम् (vrajantam) - going (towards it) (going, moving, approaching (masculine singular accusative))

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vrajan

vrajan - going, moving, wandering

Present Active Participle

From root vraj (to go), Parasmaipada, present active participle.

Root: vraj (class 1)

लोकम् (lokam) - the world (world, realm, people)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, community

Root: lok (class 1)

अमलम् (amalam) - pure, spotless (pure, spotless, clear)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amala

amala - pure, spotless, clean, stainless

Negative compound (na + mala) meaning 'without dirt/impurity'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mala)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• mala – dirt, impurity, stain
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'lokam'.

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he perceived (he saw, he beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect indicative (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect Active Indicative

From root dṛś (to see), Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, imperfect tense.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

देवपूजितम् (devapūjitam) - revered by the gods (worshipped by gods, revered by gods)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devapūjita

devapūjita - worshipped by gods, honored by gods

Past Passive Participle

Compound of deva (god) and pūjita (worshipped), which is a past passive participle of pūj (to worship).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+pūjita)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• pūjita – worshipped, honored, adored
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root pūj (to worship).
  Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'lokam'.