महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-2, verse-7

बालभावमतिक्रान्तान्यौवनस्थांश्च तानहम् ।
मध्यप्राप्तांस्तथा श्रुत्वा हृष्ट आसं तथानघ ॥७॥

7. bālabhāvamatikrāntānyauvanasthāṁśca tānaham ,
madhyaprāptāṁstathā śrutvā hṛṣṭa āsaṁ tathānagha.

7. bālabhāvam atikrāntān yauvanasthān ca tān aham
madhyaprāptān tathā śrutvā hṛṣṭaḥ āsam tathā anagha

7. anagha aham tān bālabhāvam atikrāntān yauvanasthān
ca tathā madhyaprāptān śrutvā tathā hṛṣṭaḥ āsam

7. O sinless one (Sanjaya), having heard that they (my sons) had passed beyond childhood, entered youth, and then similarly reached middle age, I was consequently joyful.

Words meanings summery:

• बालभावम् (bālabhāvam) - childhood state, infancy

• अतिक्रान्तान् (atikrāntān) - those who have passed beyond, surpassed, overcome

• यौवनस्थान् (yauvanasthān) - situated in youth, being in youth

• च (ca) - and, also

• तान् (tān) - those, them

• अहम् (aham) - I

• मध्यप्राप्तान् (madhyaprāptān) - those who have reached middle age

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, and, then

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - joyful, delighted, happy

• आसम् (āsam) - I was

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and

• अनघ (anagha) - O Sanjaya (O sinless one, O faultless one)

Words meanings and morphology

बालभावम् (bālabhāvam) - childhood state, infancy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bālabhāva

bālabhāva - childhood state, infancy

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāla+bhāva)

• bāla – child, young, foolish
  noun (masculine)
• bhāva – state, condition, existence, nature
  noun (masculine)

अतिक्रान्तान् (atikrāntān) - those who have passed beyond, surpassed, overcome

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of atikrānta

atikrānta - passed beyond, overcome, surpassed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √kram (class 1) with the prefix 'ati' and suffix -ta.

Prefix: ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tān putrān' (implied).

यौवनस्थान् (yauvanasthān) - situated in youth, being in youth

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yauvanastha

yauvanastha - situated in youth, being in youth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yauvana+stha)

• yauvana – youth, adolescence
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated in
  adjective
  Derived from √sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tān putrān' (implied).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - those, them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

Note: Refers to sons, hence masculine.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

मध्यप्राप्तान् (madhyaprāptān) - those who have reached middle age

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of madhyaprāpta

madhyaprāpta - reached middle age, come to middle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhya+prāpta)

• madhya – middle, central
  noun (neuter)
• prāpta – reached, attained, arrived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √āp with 'pra' prefix.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'tān putrān' (implied).

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, and, then

(indeclinable)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from the root √śru (class 5) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - joyful, delighted, happy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - joyful, delighted, happy

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √hṛṣ (class 1) with the suffix -ta.

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'aham'.

आसम् (āsam) - I was

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √as

imperfect tense

Imperfect (laṅ) first person singular of the root √as (class 2).

Root: as (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and

(indeclinable)

अनघ (anagha) - O Sanjaya (O sinless one, O faultless one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, faultless, pure

Compound of 'a-' (not) + 'agha' (sin).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+agha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• agha – sin, fault, evil
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used as an epithet for Sanjaya.