महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-2, verse-48

एवं स शोकसंतप्तः पार्थिवो हतबान्धवः ।
मुहुर्मुहुर्मुह्यमानः पुत्राधिभिरभिप्लुतः ॥४८॥

48. evaṁ sa śokasaṁtaptaḥ pārthivo hatabāndhavaḥ ,
muhurmuhurmuhyamānaḥ putrādhibhirabhiplutaḥ.

48. evam saḥ śokasaṃtaptaḥ pārthivaḥ hatabāndhavaḥ
muhurmuhur muhyamānaḥ putrādhibhiḥ abhiplutaḥ

48. evam saḥ pārthivaḥ śokasaṃtaptaḥ hatabāndhavaḥ
putrādhibhiḥ abhiplutaḥ muhurmuhur muhyamānaḥ (āsīt)

48. Thus, that king (pārthiva), tormented by grief, whose kinsmen were slain, repeatedly fell into delusion, overwhelmed by mental anguish for his sons.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - Referring to the description of his state in previous verses. (thus, in this manner, so)

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (he, that (one))

• शोकसंतप्तः (śokasaṁtaptaḥ) - Describes Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (tormented by grief, afflicted by sorrow)

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra as the king. (king, earthly ruler, son of earth)

• हतबान्धवः (hatabāndhavaḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra, whose sons and other kinsmen were killed. (whose kinsmen are slain, having slain relatives)

• मुहुर्मुहुर् (muhurmuhur) - Describes the frequency of his delusion. (repeatedly, again and again)

• मुह्यमानः (muhyamānaḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra experiencing mental distress and confusion. (falling into delusion, bewildered, fainting)

• पुत्राधिभिः (putrādhibhiḥ) - The cause of his overwhelming state. 'Ādhi' refers to mental pain/distress. (by distress for sons, by mental pain concerning sons)

• अभिप्लुतः (abhiplutaḥ) - Overwhelmed by distress for his sons. (overwhelmed, covered, immersed, deluged)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - Referring to the description of his state in previous verses. (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of manner.

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (he, that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

शोकसंतप्तः (śokasaṁtaptaḥ) - Describes Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (tormented by grief, afflicted by sorrow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śokasaṃtapta

śokasaṁtapta - afflicted by grief, burnt by sorrow

Past Passive Participle

From root tap- (to heat, burn) with prefix sam- (completely) preceded by śoka (grief).

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (śoka+saṃtapta)

• śoka – grief, lamentation, anguish
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc- (to grieve)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• saṃtapta – tormented, afflicted, heated, burnt
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root tap- (to burn, suffer) with prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra as the king. (king, earthly ruler, son of earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler, earthly, terrestrial, son of earth (pṛthivī)

From pṛthivī (earth) + aṇ pratyaya.

Note: Appositive to 'saḥ'.

हतबान्धवः (hatabāndhavaḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra, whose sons and other kinsmen were killed. (whose kinsmen are slain, having slain relatives)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hatabāndhava

hatabāndhava - one whose kinsmen are killed, having slain relatives

Compound where 'hata' (killed) describes 'bāndhava' (kinsmen).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+bāndhava)

• hata – killed, slain, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han- (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• bāndhava – relative, kinsman, friend
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes 'saḥ pārthivaḥ'.

मुहुर्मुहुर् (muhurmuhur) - Describes the frequency of his delusion. (repeatedly, again and again)

(indeclinable)

Reduplicated adverb 'muhur'.

Compound type : dvirukta (muhur+muhur)

• muhur – repeatedly, again, at short intervals
  indeclinable

मुह्यमानः (muhyamānaḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra experiencing mental distress and confusion. (falling into delusion, bewildered, fainting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muhyamāna

muhyamāna - being bewildered, deluded, fainting, falling unconscious

Present Middle Participle

From root muh- (to be bewildered, faint) in passive/middle voice.

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Functions adjectivally, describing the state of the king.

पुत्राधिभिः (putrādhibhiḥ) - The cause of his overwhelming state. 'Ādhi' refers to mental pain/distress. (by distress for sons, by mental pain concerning sons)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putrādhi

putrādhi - distress concerning sons, mental anguish over children

Compound type : śaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (putra+ādhi)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• ādhi – mental pain, anxiety, distress, trouble
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhā- (to place, hold) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Expresses the agent/cause of being overwhelmed.

अभिप्लुतः (abhiplutaḥ) - Overwhelmed by distress for his sons. (overwhelmed, covered, immersed, deluged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhipluta

abhipluta - overwhelmed, covered, immersed, deluged, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

From root plu- (to float, overflow) with prefix abhi- (over, towards).

Prefix: abhi

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Describes 'saḥ pārthivaḥ'.