महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-2, verse-55

पूर्वमेवाहमुक्तो वै विदुरेण महात्मना ।
दुर्योधनापराधेन प्रजेयं विनशिष्यति ॥५५॥

55. pūrvamevāhamukto vai vidureṇa mahātmanā ,
duryodhanāparādhena prajeyaṁ vinaśiṣyati.

55. pūrvam eva aham uktaḥ vai vidureṇa mahātmanā
duryodhanāparādhena prajā iyam vinaśiṣyati

55. aham pūrvam eva mahātmanā vidureṇa vai uktaḥ
iyam prajā duryodhanāparādhena vinaśiṣyati

55. Indeed, I was told previously by the great-souled Vidura: 'These people will perish because of Duryodhana's offense.'

Words meanings summery:

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, very

• अहम् (aham) - I (Dhritarashtra, the speaker) (I)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, told, said

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• विदुरेण (vidureṇa) - by Vidura (proper name)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled Vidura (by the great-souled, by the noble-minded)

• दुर्योधनापराधेन (duryodhanāparādhena) - due to Duryodhana's offense

• प्रजा (prajā) - people, subjects, offspring

• इयम् (iyam) - this, these

• विनशिष्यति (vinaśiṣyati) - will be destroyed, will perish

Words meanings and morphology

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, very

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

अहम् (aham) - I (Dhritarashtra, the speaker) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, told, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, told, said

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak) with the suffix -kta (ta).

Root: vac (class 2)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

विदुरेण (vidureṇa) - by Vidura (proper name)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (wise counsellor in the Mahābhārata)

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled Vidura (by the great-souled, by the noble-minded)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: at (class 1)

दुर्योधनापराधेन (duryodhanāparādhena) - due to Duryodhana's offense

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of duryodhanāparādha

duryodhanāparādha - Duryodhana's offense or fault

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+aparādha)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (eldest Kaurava prince)
  proper noun (masculine)
• aparādha – offense, fault, crime, transgression
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix apa- + root rādh (to succeed, accomplish, offend).
  Prefix: apa
  Root: rādh (class 4)

Note: Used to denote cause.

प्रजा (prajā) - people, subjects, offspring

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, subjects, people

From prefix pra- + root jan (to be born, produce).

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

इयम् (iyam) - this, these

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, these, here

विनशिष्यति (vinaśiṣyati) - will be destroyed, will perish

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lyṛṭ) of vinaś

Future Tense

Derived from prefix vi- + root naś (to perish, disappear). 3rd person singular future active.

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)