महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-2, verse-45

दुर्योधनो हतो यत्र शल्यश्च निहतो युधि ।
दुःशासनो विशस्तश्च विकर्णश्च महाबलः ॥४५॥

45. duryodhano hato yatra śalyaśca nihato yudhi ,
duḥśāsano viśastaśca vikarṇaśca mahābalaḥ.

45. duryodhanaḥ hataḥ yatra śalyaḥ ca nihataḥ yudhi
duḥśāsanaḥ viśastaḥ ca vikarṇaḥ ca mahābalaḥ

45. yatra duryodhanaḥ hataḥ,
ca śalyaḥ yudhi nihataḥ,
ca duḥśāsanaḥ viśastaḥ,
ca mahābalaḥ vikarṇaḥ (hataḥ)

45. Where Duryodhana was slain, and Śalya was killed in battle; where Duḥśāsana was disemboweled, and the mighty Vikarṇa (was also killed).

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, destroyed

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya

• च (ca) - and, also

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - completely killed, slain, destroyed

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war, on the battlefield

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

• विशस्तः (viśastaḥ) - In the context of the Mahābhārata, Duḥśāsana was specifically disemboweled by Bhīmasena. (disemboweled, cut open, killed, slaughtered)

• च (ca) - and, also

• विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarṇa

• च (ca) - and, also

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - Describing Vikarṇa. (very strong, mighty, powerful)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, evil, hard
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighter, warrior, fighting
  noun (masculine)
  From root yudh- (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han- (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective with an implied verb 'was'.

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (name of a king, uncle of the Pāṇḍavas, but fought for the Kauravas)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

निहतः (nihataḥ) - completely killed, slain, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han- (to strike, kill) with prefix ni- (down, completely)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective with an implied verb 'was'.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, war, fight

Root: yudh (class 4)

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (name of a Kaurava prince, second eldest)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+śāsana)

• dus – bad, difficult, evil, hard
  indeclinable
• śāsana – ruling, governing, teaching, discipline
  noun (masculine)
  From root śās- (to teach, rule)
  Root: śās (class 2)

विशस्तः (viśastaḥ) - In the context of the Mahābhārata, Duḥśāsana was specifically disemboweled by Bhīmasena. (disemboweled, cut open, killed, slaughtered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśasta

viśasta - cut up, carved, slaughtered, disemboweled

Past Passive Participle

From root śas- (to cut, kill) with prefix vi- (apart, completely)

Prefix: vi

Root: śas (class 2)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective with an implied verb 'was'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikarṇa

vikarṇa - Vikarṇa (name of a Kaurava prince, known for his righteousness)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - Describing Vikarṇa. (very strong, mighty, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - having great strength, mighty, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
  From mahat (great)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective describing Vikarṇa.