महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-2, verse-38

राजानो राजपुत्राश्च शूराः परिघबाहवः ।
निहता बहवो यत्र किमन्यद्भागधेयतः ॥३८॥

38. rājāno rājaputrāśca śūrāḥ parighabāhavaḥ ,
nihatā bahavo yatra kimanyadbhāgadheyataḥ.

38. rājānaḥ rājaputrāḥ ca śūrāḥ parighabāhavaḥ
nihatāḥ bahavaḥ yatra kim anyat bhāgadheyataḥ

38. yatra bahavaḥ rājānaḥ ca rājaputrāḥ śūrāḥ
parighabāhavaḥ nihatāḥ kim anyat bhāgadheyataḥ

38. Where many kings, princes, and brave heroes with arms like maces (parighabāhavaḥ) were slain, what else could it be but due to destiny (bhāgadheya)?

Words meanings summery:

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• राजपुत्राः (rājaputrāḥ) - princes; sons of kings

• च (ca) - and; also; moreover

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes; brave ones; warriors

• परिघबाहवः (parighabāhavaḥ) - whose arms are like maces/iron bars

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed; slain; destroyed

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many; numerous

• यत्र (yatra) - where; in which place; in which case

• किम् (kim) - what?; why?; how?

• अन्यत् (anyat) - other; another; different

• भागधेयतः (bhāgadheyataḥ) - by destiny; from fate; by lot; due to one's share

Words meanings and morphology

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king; ruler; prince

राजपुत्राः (rājaputrāḥ) - princes; sons of kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājaputra

rājaputra - prince; son of a king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king; ruler
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and; also; moreover

(indeclinable)

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes; brave ones; warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero; brave man; warrior; strong

परिघबाहवः (parighabāhavaḥ) - whose arms are like maces/iron bars

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parighabāhu

parighabāhu - whose arms are like maces/iron bars; having mace-like arms

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parigha+bāhu)

• parigha – iron bar; mace; door-bar
  noun (masculine)
• bāhu – arm; fore-arm
  noun (masculine)

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed; slain; destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - killed; slain; destroyed; struck down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many; numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much; many; numerous; abundant

यत्र (yatra) - where; in which place; in which case

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - what?; why?; how?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?; why?; how?

Interrogative pronoun (neuter nominative/accusative singular).

अन्यत् (anyat) - other; another; different

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other; another; different; distinct

भागधेयतः (bhāgadheyataḥ) - by destiny; from fate; by lot; due to one's share

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'bhāga' (share) and 'dheya' (to be given). The suffix '-tas' indicates 'from, by, due to'.