महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-15, verse-5

शकुनिं सहदेवस्तु सहसैन्यमवारयत् ।
नकुलः पार्श्वतः स्थित्वा मद्रराजमवैक्षत ॥५॥

5. śakuniṁ sahadevastu sahasainyamavārayat ,
nakulaḥ pārśvataḥ sthitvā madrarājamavaikṣata.

5. śakunim sahadevaḥ tu sahasainyam avārayat
nakulaḥ pārśvataḥ sthitvā madrarājam avaikṣata

5. sahadevaḥ tu sahasainyam śakunim avārayat.
nakulaḥ pārśvataḥ sthitvā madrarājam avaikṣata.

5. Sahadeva, however, checked Śakuni along with his army. Nakula, standing to his side, observed the King of Madras.

Words meanings summery:

• शकुनिम् (śakunim) - Śakuni

• सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva

• तु (tu) - however (but, however, and, yet)

• सहसैन्यम् (sahasainyam) - along with his (Śakuni's) army (along with the army)

• अवारयत् (avārayat) - he checked, he restrained, he prevented

• नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula

• पार्श्वतः (pārśvataḥ) - to his side (from the side, at the side)

• स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - standing (having stood, standing)

• मद्रराजम् (madrarājam) - the King of Madras

• अवैक्षत (avaikṣata) - he observed (he saw, he observed, he beheld)

Words meanings and morphology

शकुनिम् (śakunim) - Śakuni

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Śakuni (name of a king, brother of Gāndhārī)

सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (one of the Pāṇḍava brothers)

तु (tu) - however (but, however, and, yet)

(indeclinable)

सहसैन्यम् (sahasainyam) - along with his (Śakuni's) army (along with the army)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahasainya

sahasainya - along with the army, with the troops

Compound 'saha' (with) + 'sainya' (army)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saha+sainya)

• saha – with, together
  indeclinable
• sainya – army, host
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Śakuni, meaning Śakuni *who was* with his army.

अवारयत् (avārayat) - he checked, he restrained, he prevented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of avārayat

Imperfect tense (Laṅ)

Causative of root 'vṛ' (to cover, choose) with prefix 'ava', 3rd person singular, Imperfect tense

Prefix: ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)

नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - Nakula (one of the Pāṇḍava brothers)

पार्श्वतः (pārśvataḥ) - to his side (from the side, at the side)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'pārśva' (side) with suffix '-tas'

स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - standing (having stood, standing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with suffix '-tvā'

Root: sthā (class 1)

मद्रराजम् (madrarājam) - the King of Madras

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - King of Madras (Śalya)

Compound 'madra' (name of a country) + 'rāja' (king)

Compound type : tatpurusha (madra+rāja)

• madra – Madra (name of an ancient country)
  proper noun (neuter)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

अवैक्षत (avaikṣata) - he observed (he saw, he observed, he beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of avaikṣata

Imperfect tense (Laṅ)

Root 'īkṣ' (to see) with prefix 'ava', 3rd person singular, Imperfect tense, Middle voice

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)