महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-15, verse-3

ते वध्यमानाः कुरुभिः पाण्डवा नावतस्थिरे ।
निवार्यमाणा भीमेन पश्यतोः कृष्णपार्थयोः ॥३॥

3. te vadhyamānāḥ kurubhiḥ pāṇḍavā nāvatasthire ,
nivāryamāṇā bhīmena paśyatoḥ kṛṣṇapārthayoḥ.

3. te vadhyamānāḥ kurubhiḥ pāṇḍavāḥ na avatastire
nivāryamāṇāḥ bhīmena paśyatoḥ kṛṣṇapārthayoḥ

3. kurubhiḥ vadhyamānāḥ te pāṇḍavāḥ na avatastire.
kṛṣṇapārthayoḥ paśyatoḥ bhīmena nivāryamāṇāḥ (te pāṇḍavāḥ)

3. Being struck down by the Kurus, the Pāṇḍavas could not maintain their position. They were being restrained by Bhīma, while Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna (Pārtha) watched.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those (Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

• वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being struck down (being struck, being killed, being wounded)

• कुरुभिः (kurubhiḥ) - by the Kurus

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

• न (na) - not, no

• अवतस्तिरे (avatastire) - they could not maintain their position (they stood, they maintained their position)

• निवार्यमाणाः (nivāryamāṇāḥ) - they were being restrained (being restrained, being checked, being stopped)

• भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima

• पश्यतोः (paśyatoḥ) - while Krishna and Partha were watching (of the two seeing, while the two were seeing)

• कृष्णपार्थयोः (kṛṣṇapārthayoḥ) - of Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna (Pārtha) (of Krishna and Partha)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those (Pāṇḍavas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being struck down (being struck, being killed, being wounded)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being struck, being injured

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vadh' (to strike, kill) in passive voice, present tense (root 'han' is used for 'vadh' in some contexts)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Participial form acting as an adjective for Pāṇḍavas.

कुरुभिः (kurubhiḥ) - by the Kurus

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (name of an ancient king, also his descendants)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अवतस्तिरे (avatastire) - they could not maintain their position (they stood, they maintained their position)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (lit) of avatasthe

Perfect tense (Liṭ)

Root 'sthā' with prefix 'ava', Middle voice, 3rd person plural, Perfect tense

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

निवार्यमाणाः (nivāryamāṇāḥ) - they were being restrained (being restrained, being checked, being stopped)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nivāryamāṇa

nivāryamāṇa - being restrained, being stopped, being prevented

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vṛ' (to cover, restrain) with prefix 'ni', passive voice, present tense

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Participial form referring to the Pāṇḍavas, acting as an adjective.

भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (one of the Pāṇḍavas)

पश्यतोः (paśyatoḥ) - while Krishna and Partha were watching (of the two seeing, while the two were seeing)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, dual of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, observing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) in present tense, active voice (uses 'paśya' stem)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used here in a locative absolute or genitive absolute construction.

कृष्णपार्थयोः (kṛṣṇapārthayoḥ) - of Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna (Pārtha) (of Krishna and Partha)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of kṛṣṇapārtha

kṛṣṇapārtha - Krishna and Partha

Compound type : dvandva (kṛṣṇa+pārtha)

• kṛṣṇa – Krishna (name of a deity, charioteer of Arjuna)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pārtha – son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna
  proper noun (masculine)