महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-15, verse-54

ततस्तौ तु सुसंरब्धौ प्रध्माप्य सलिलोद्भवौ ।
समाहूय तदान्योन्यं भर्त्सयन्तौ समीयतुः ॥५४॥

54. tatastau tu susaṁrabdhau pradhmāpya salilodbhavau ,
samāhūya tadānyonyaṁ bhartsayantau samīyatuḥ.

54. tataḥ tau tu su-saṁrabdhau pra-dhmāpya salila-udbhavau
sam-āhūya tadā anyonyam bhartsayantau sam-īyatuḥ

54. tataḥ tu tau su-saṁrabdhau salila-udbhavau pra-dhmāpya
tadā anyonyam sam-āhūya bhartsayantau sam-īyatuḥ

54. Then, those two (warriors), greatly enraged, having blown their conches (literally, "born from water"), and having challenged each other, advanced while reviling one another.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• तौ (tau) - Śalya and the other warrior (those two)

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• सु-संरब्धौ (su-saṁrabdhau) - very agitated, highly enraged

• प्र-ध्माप्य (pra-dhmāpya) - having blown (their conches) (having caused to blow, having blown loudly)

• सलिल-उद्भवौ (salila-udbhavau) - referring to conches (which are found in water) (born from water, water-originated)

• सम्-आहूय (sam-āhūya) - having challenged each other (having challenged, having called out together)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, one another

• भर्त्सयन्तौ (bhartsayantau) - reviling, abusing, reproaching

• सम्-ईयतुः (sam-īyatuḥ) - they met, they came together

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Derived from `tad` (that) with suffix `-tas`.

तौ (tau) - Śalya and the other warrior (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

सु-संरब्धौ (su-saṁrabdhau) - very agitated, highly enraged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of susaṁrabdha

susaṁrabdha - greatly agitated, much enraged, very fierce

Past Passive Participle

From root `rabh` (to take hold of, to begin) with prefixes `sam` (together, completely) and `su` (intensive).

Compound type : karmadharaya (su+saṁrabdha)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• saṁrabdha – enraged, agitated, fierce
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `rabh` with prefix `sam`.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: rabh (class 1)

प्र-ध्माप्य (pra-dhmāpya) - having blown (their conches) (having caused to blow, having blown loudly)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From causal stem of `dhmā` (to blow) with prefix `pra` and suffix `-ya` (for absolutive after a prefix).

Prefix: pra

Root: dhmā (class 1)

Note: Absolutive with prefix.

सलिल-उद्भवौ (salila-udbhavau) - referring to conches (which are found in water) (born from water, water-originated)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of salilodbhava

salilodbhava - born from water, water-born, conch (as born from water)

Compound type : tatpurusha (salila+udbhava)

• salila – water
  noun (neuter)
• udbhava – origin, source, birth, born from
  noun (masculine)
  From `ud` (up) + root `bhū` (to be, to arise).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Accusative dual, referring to the conches.

सम्-आहूय (sam-āhūya) - having challenged each other (having challenged, having called out together)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root `hvā` (to call) with prefixes `sam` (together) and `ā` (towards) and suffix `-ya`.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from `tad` (that) with the suffix `-dā`.

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, one another

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anyonya

anyonya - each other, one another, mutual

Compound of `anya` (another) + `anya` (another).

भर्त्सयन्तौ (bhartsayantau) - reviling, abusing, reproaching

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhartsayat

bharts - to revile, to abuse, to threaten

Present Active Participle

From causal stem of `bharts` (to revile, derived from `bhṛts`) with suffix `-at` (for active participle).

Root: bhṛts (class 10)

Note: Present active participle.

सम्-ईयतुः (sam-īyatuḥ) - they met, they came together

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past perfect (liṭ) of i

Perfect, Active voice

From root `i` (to go) with prefix `sam` (together). Perfect 3rd person dual.

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)