महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-15, verse-41

स च्छिन्नधन्वा तेजस्वी रथशक्त्या सुतं तव ।
बिभेदोरसि विक्रम्य स रथोपस्थ आविशत् ॥४१॥

41. sa cchinnadhanvā tejasvī rathaśaktyā sutaṁ tava ,
bibhedorasi vikramya sa rathopastha āviśat.

41. sa chinna-dhanvā tejasvī ratha-śaktyā sutam tava
bibheda urasi vikramya sa ratha-upasthaḥ āviśat

41. sa chinna-dhanvā tejasvī vikramya tava sutam
ratha-śaktyā urasi bibheda; saḥ ratha-upasthaḥ āviśat

41. That glorious one, whose bow was broken, having acted heroically, struck your son in the chest with a chariot spear; and that (son) then slumped into the chariot's seat.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Refers to the attacker (e.g., Bhīmasena). (that, he)

• छिन्न-धन्वा (chinna-dhanvā) - one whose bow is broken/severed

• तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - glorious, brilliant, spirited

• रथ-शक्त्या (ratha-śaktyā) - by a chariot spear

• सुतम् (sutam) - son

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• बिभेद (bibheda) - pierced, struck

• उरसि (urasi) - in the chest

• विक्रम्य (vikramya) - having acted heroically, with might

• स (sa) - Refers to 'your son' (sutam tava). (that, he)

• रथ-उपस्थः (ratha-upasthaḥ) - chariot-seat, vicinity of the chariot

• आविशत् (āviśat) - Slumped into or fell onto the chariot seat. (entered, penetrated)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Refers to the attacker (e.g., Bhīmasena). (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: masculine nominative singular of tad

छिन्न-धन्वा (chinna-dhanvā) - one whose bow is broken/severed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chinna-dhanvan

chinna-dhanvan - having a broken bow

Compound type : bahuvrihi (chinna+dhanvan)

• chinna – broken, cut, severed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √chid (to cut, cleave)
  Root: chid (class 7)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (neuter)

तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - glorious, brilliant, spirited

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tejasvin

tejasvin - glorious, splendid, energetic, powerful

रथ-शक्त्या (ratha-śaktyā) - by a chariot spear

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ratha-śakti

ratha-śakti - chariot spear/weapon

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+śakti)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• śakti – spear, weapon, power (śakti)
  noun (feminine)

सुतम् (sutam) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, born, produced

Past Passive Participle

From √sū (to give birth, produce)

Root: sū (class 2)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

बिभेद (bibheda) - pierced, struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhid

Root: bhid (class 7)

उरसि (urasi) - in the chest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of uras

uras - chest, breast

विक्रम्य (vikramya) - having acted heroically, with might

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with the suffix -ya after the upasarga 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

स (sa) - Refers to 'your son' (sutam tava). (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: masculine nominative singular of tad

रथ-उपस्थः (ratha-upasthaḥ) - chariot-seat, vicinity of the chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ratha-upastha

ratha-upastha - chariot-seat, a portion of the chariot near the charioteer

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• upastha – seat, lap, proximity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Here as an adverbial use, or the subject 'sa' is understood to occupy it after the blow.

आविशत् (āviśat) - Slumped into or fell onto the chariot seat. (entered, penetrated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ā-viś

Prefix: ā

Root: viś (class 6)