महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-15, verse-44

तमभ्यधावत्त्राणार्थं द्रोणपुत्रो महारथः ।
कृपश्च कृतवर्मा च पुत्रं तेऽभिपरीप्सवः ॥४४॥

44. tamabhyadhāvattrāṇārthaṁ droṇaputro mahārathaḥ ,
kṛpaśca kṛtavarmā ca putraṁ te'bhiparīpsavaḥ.

44. tam abhyadhāvat trāṇārtham droṇaputraḥ mahārathaḥ
kṛpaḥ ca kṛtavarmā ca putram te abhiparīpsavaḥ

44. mahārathaḥ droṇaputraḥ kṛpaḥ ca kṛtavarmā ca te
putram tam trāṇārtham abhiparīpsavaḥ abhyadhāvat

44. The great warrior, Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāman), along with Kṛpa and Kṛtavarmā, ran towards him, wishing to protect your son.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - referring to Duryodhana (him, that)

• अभ्यधावत् (abhyadhāvat) - ran towards, rushed to

• त्राणार्थम् (trāṇārtham) - for protection, for rescue

• द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Aśvatthāman (Droṇa's son)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great warrior

• कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa

• च (ca) - and

• कृतवर्मा (kṛtavarmā) - Kṛtavarmā

• च (ca) - and

• पुत्रम् (putram) - referring to Duryodhana (son)

• ते (te) - referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (your (of you))

• अभिपरीप्सवः (abhiparīpsavaḥ) - wishing to protect, desiring to save

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - referring to Duryodhana (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभ्यधावत् (abhyadhāvat) - ran towards, rushed to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhāv

Imperfect Tense

Root dhāv, with upasargas abhi and ā, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Despite multiple subjects, the verb is singular, likely agreeing with the primary subject Droṇaputraḥ, or a stylistic choice.

त्राणार्थम् (trāṇārtham) - for protection, for rescue

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of trāṇārtha

trāṇārtha - for the purpose of protection/rescue

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (trāṇa+artha)

• trāṇa – protection, rescue, saving
  noun (neuter)
  Agent noun/Action noun
  Derived from root trā (to protect) with suffix -ana.
  Root: trā (class 2)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'for the sake of protection'.

द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Aśvatthāman (Droṇa's son)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāman)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (name of a preceptor)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: One of the subjects of abhyadhāvat

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, one who can fight a vast number of warriors

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot; fighter (metaphorically, in this context as a measure of strength)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Droṇaputraḥ

कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kṛpa (a renowned warrior and teacher, brother-in-law of Droṇa)

Note: One of the subjects

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

कृतवर्मा (kṛtavarmā) - Kṛtavarmā

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavarman

kṛtavarman - Kṛtavarmā (a Yādava warrior, allied with the Kauravas)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+varman)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -ta.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• varman – armor, shield
  noun (neuter)

Note: Another subject of the verb.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

पुत्रम् (putram) - referring to Duryodhana (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of abhiparīpsavaḥ.

ते (te) - referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (your (of you))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अभिपरीप्सवः (abhiparīpsavaḥ) - wishing to protect, desiring to save

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhiparīpsu

abhiparīpsu - wishing to protect, desiring to save, desirous of obtaining

Desiderative adjective

Derived from root āp (to obtain) with upasargas abhi and pari, and desiderative suffix -sa, then suffix -u. Here it means 'desiring to obtain/protect'.

Prefixes: abhi+pari

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies Droṇaputraḥ, Kṛpaḥ, and Kṛtavarmā.