महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-68, verse-50

हते कर्णे न दिशो विप्रजज्ञुस्तमोवृता द्यौर्विचचाल भूमिः ।
पपात चोल्का ज्वलनप्रकाशा निशाचराश्चाप्यभवन्प्रहृष्टाः ॥५०॥

50. hate karṇe na diśo viprajajñu;stamovṛtā dyaurvicacāla bhūmiḥ ,
papāta colkā jvalanaprakāśā; niśācarāścāpyabhavanprahṛṣṭāḥ.

50. hate karṇe na diśaḥ viprajajñuḥ
tamovṛtā dyauḥ vicacāla bhūmiḥ
papāta ca ulkā jvalanaprakāśā
niśācarāḥ ca api abhavan prahṛṣṭāḥ

50. karṇe hate diśaḥ na viprajajñuḥ
tamovṛtā dyauḥ vicacāla bhūmiḥ
ca jvalanaprakāśā ulkā papāta
ca niśācarāḥ api prahṛṣṭāḥ abhavan

50. When Karṇa was slain, the directions (diś) became unclear, the sky, covered in darkness, trembled, and the earth (bhūmi) shook. A meteor (ulkā) bright like a flame fell, and the night-wanderers (niśācara) also became exceedingly joyful.

Words meanings summery:

• हते (hate) - when (Karṇa was) slain (killed, slain, struck)

• कर्णे (karṇe) - regarding Karṇa (in Karṇa)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - the directions (directions, quarters)

• विप्रजज्ञुः (viprajajñuḥ) - they became unclear (they knew clearly, they distinguished)

• तमोवृता (tamovṛtā) - covered in darkness (covered with darkness, enveloped in gloom)

• द्यौः (dyauḥ) - the sky (sky, heaven)

• विचचाल (vicacāla) - trembled (it trembled, moved, shook)

• भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the earth (earth, ground, land)

• पपात (papāta) - fell (it fell, dropped)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• उल्का (ulkā) - a meteor (meteor, firebrand, torch)

• ज्वलनप्रकाशा (jvalanaprakāśā) - bright like a flame (bright like a flame, shining like fire)

• निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - the night-wanderers (night-wanderers (demons, ghosts, rakshasas))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, moreover)

• अभवन् (abhavan) - they became (they became, they were)

• प्रहृष्टाः (prahṛṣṭāḥ) - exceedingly joyful (greatly delighted, joyful, exultant)

Words meanings and morphology

हते (hate) - when (Karṇa was) slain (killed, slain, struck)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, destroyed, struck

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Locative absolute construction

कर्णे (karṇe) - regarding Karṇa (in Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; proper name (Karṇa, a great warrior)

Note: Locative absolute construction with 'hate'

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

दिशः (diśaḥ) - the directions (directions, quarters)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, point of the compass

विप्रजज्ञुः (viprajajñuḥ) - they became unclear (they knew clearly, they distinguished)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vijñā

Perfect Tense

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person plural, with prefixes vi and pra

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

तमोवृता (tamovṛtā) - covered in darkness (covered with darkness, enveloped in gloom)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tamovṛta

tamovṛta - covered with darkness, enveloped in gloom

Tatpurusha compound. 'tamas' (darkness) + 'āvṛta' (covered)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tamas+āvṛta)

• tamas – darkness, gloom, ignorance
  noun (neuter)
• āvṛta – covered, surrounded, concealed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vṛ (to cover) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

द्यौः (dyauḥ) - the sky (sky, heaven)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of div

div - sky, heaven, day

feminine noun, nominative singular

विचचाल (vicacāla) - trembled (it trembled, moved, shook)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vical

Perfect Tense

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person singular, with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: cal (class 1)

भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the earth (earth, ground, land)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, soil, land

पपात (papāta) - fell (it fell, dropped)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect Tense

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person singular

Root: pat (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

उल्का (ulkā) - a meteor (meteor, firebrand, torch)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ulkā

ulkā - meteor, firebrand, torch, comet

ज्वलनप्रकाशा (jvalanaprakāśā) - bright like a flame (bright like a flame, shining like fire)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jvalanaprakāśa

jvalanaprakāśa - shining like a flame, bright as fire

Bahuvrihi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jvalana+prakāśa)

• jvalana – burning, blazing, fire, flame
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun or action noun
  From root jval (to burn)
  Root: jval (class 1)
• prakāśa – light, brightness, shining, clear
  noun (masculine)
  From root kāś (to shine) with pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kāś (class 1)

निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - the night-wanderers (night-wanderers (demons, ghosts, rakshasas))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, demon, rakshasa, ghost

Tatpurusha compound (niśā + cara)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, wandering, going
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun or action noun
  From root car (to move, wander)
  Root: car (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अभवन् (abhavan) - they became (they became, they were)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Tense

Imperfect, 3rd person plural

Root: bhū (class 1)

प्रहृष्टाः (prahṛṣṭāḥ) - exceedingly joyful (greatly delighted, joyful, exultant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahṛṣṭa

prahṛṣṭa - greatly delighted, very glad, joyful, exultant

Past Passive Participle

From root hṛṣ (to be glad) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)