महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-68, verse-13

एतद्वचो मद्रपतेर्निशम्य स्वं चापनीतं मनसा निरीक्ष्य ।
दुर्योधनो दीनमना विसंज्ञः पुनः पुनर्न्यश्वसदार्तरूपः ॥१३॥

13. etadvaco madrapaterniśamya; svaṁ cāpanītaṁ manasā nirīkṣya ,
duryodhano dīnamanā visaṁjñaḥ; punaḥ punarnyaśvasadārtarūpaḥ.

13. etat vacaḥ madra-pateḥ niśamya
svam ca apanītam manasā nirīkṣya
duryodhanaḥ dīna-manāḥ visaṃjñaḥ
punaḥ punaḥ ny-aśvasat ārta-rūpaḥ

13. duryodhanaḥ madra-pateḥ etat vacaḥ
niśamya ca manasā svam apanītam
nirīkṣya dīna-manāḥ visaṃjñaḥ
ārta-rūpaḥ punaḥ punaḥ ny-aśvasat

13. After hearing these words from the king of Madra (Salya), and mentally reflecting on his own misdeeds, Duryodhana became dejected and senseless, sighing repeatedly like one in distress.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

• मद्र-पतेः (madra-pateḥ) - of Salya, the king of Madra (of the king of Madra (Salya))

• निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, listening

• स्वम् (svam) - his own

• च (ca) - and

• अपनीतम् (apanītam) - misconduct, misdeed, fault

• मनसा (manasā) - in his thoughts (by the mind, mentally)

• निरीक्ष्य (nirīkṣya) - having considered, having perceived, having seen

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• दीन-मनाः (dīna-manāḥ) - dejected in mind, sad-minded

• विसंज्ञः (visaṁjñaḥ) - senseless, unconscious, distraught

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• न्य्-अश्वसत् (ny-aśvasat) - sighed, breathed out

• आर्त-रूपः (ārta-rūpaḥ) - having a distressed appearance, looking miserable

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Agrees with 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'niśamya'.

मद्र-पतेः (madra-pateḥ) - of Salya, the king of Madra (of the king of Madra (Salya))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of madra-pati

madra-pati - king of Madra

Compound type : tatpurusha (madra+pati)

• madra – Madra country/people
  proper noun (neuter)
• pati – lord, master, king
  noun (masculine)

निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, listening

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root śam- (to be quiet, hear) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 4)

स्वम् (svam) - his own

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - one's own, property

Note: Agrees with 'apanītam'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'niśamya' and 'nirīkṣya'.

अपनीतम् (apanītam) - misconduct, misdeed, fault

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apanīta

apanīta - misconduct, misdeed, removed, led away

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

From root nī- (to lead) with prefix apa- (away).

Prefix: apa

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Object of 'nirīkṣya'.

मनसा (manasā) - in his thoughts (by the mind, mentally)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought

Note: Denotes the instrument of seeing/considering.

निरीक्ष्य (nirīkṣya) - having considered, having perceived, having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root īkṣ- (to see) with prefix nir-.

Prefix: nir

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a proper name, lit. 'hard to fight')

Note: Subject of 'ny-aśvasat'.

दीन-मनाः (dīna-manāḥ) - dejected in mind, sad-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīna-manas

dīna-manas - one whose mind is dejected

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dīna+manas)

• dīna – dejected, miserable, sorrowful
  adjective (masculine)
• manas – mind, spirit
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'duryodhanaḥ'.

विसंज्ञः (visaṁjñaḥ) - senseless, unconscious, distraught

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visaṃjña

visaṁjña - without consciousness, senseless

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+saṃjñā)

• vi – apart, without (prefix)
  indeclinable
• saṃjñā – consciousness, knowledge, sign
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'duryodhanaḥ'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition indicates 'again and again'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition indicates 'again and again'.

न्य्-अश्वसत् (ny-aśvasat) - sighed, breathed out

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect indicative (laṅ) of śvas

Imperfect Indicative

Root śvas- (to breathe), 3rd person singular Imperfect Indicative Parasmaipada with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: From root √śvas.

आर्त-रूपः (ārta-rūpaḥ) - having a distressed appearance, looking miserable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārta-rūpa

ārta-rūpa - having the appearance of one who is suffering/distressed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ārta+rūpa)

• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ṛ- (to go) with prefix ā- (here implies 'distressed')
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• rūpa – form, appearance, shape
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'duryodhanaḥ'.