महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-68, verse-14

तं ध्यानमूकं कृपणं भृशार्तमार्तायनिर्दीनमुवाच वाक्यम् ।
पश्येदमुग्रं नरवाजिनागैरायोधनं वीरहतैः प्रपन्नम् ॥१४॥

14. taṁ dhyānamūkaṁ kṛpaṇaṁ bhṛśārta;mārtāyanirdīnamuvāca vākyam ,
paśyedamugraṁ naravājināgai;rāyodhanaṁ vīrahataiḥ prapannam.

14. tam dhyāna-mūkam kṛpaṇam bhṛśa-ārtam
ārta-ayaniḥ dīnam uvāca vākyam
paśya idam ugram nara-vāji-nāgaiḥ
āyodhanam vīra-hataiḥ prapannam

14. ārta-ayaniḥ tam dhyāna-mūkam kṛpaṇam
bhṛśa-ārtam dīnam vākyam uvāca:
paśya idam ugram āyodhanam
vīra-hataiḥ nara-vāji-nāgaiḥ prapannam

14. Sanjaya (Artayani) then addressed Duryodhana, who was silent in deep thought (dhyāna), miserable, greatly distressed, and dejected, with these words: "Behold this terrible battlefield, now filled with men, horses, and elephants slain by valiant heroes."

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Duryodhana (him, that)

• ध्यान-मूकम् (dhyāna-mūkam) - silent in thought, absorbed in meditation

• कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - miserable, pitiable, wretched

• भृश-आर्तम् (bhṛśa-ārtam) - greatly distressed, intensely suffering

• आर्त-अयनिः (ārta-ayaniḥ) - Sanjaya (Sanjaya (son of Artayana))

• दीनम् (dīnam) - dejected, sad, miserable

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech, sentence

• पश्य (paśya) - see! behold!

• इदम् (idam) - this

• उग्रम् (ugram) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

• नर-वाजि-नागैः (nara-vāji-nāgaiḥ) - by men, horses, and elephants

• आयोधनम् (āyodhanam) - battlefield, place of battle

• वीर-हतैः (vīra-hataiḥ) - slain by valiant heroes (modifies nara-vāji-nāgaiḥ) (by (those who were) slain heroes, by heroes who were slain)

• प्रपन्नम् (prapannam) - filled, pervaded, attained

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Duryodhana (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

ध्यान-मूकम् (dhyāna-mūkam) - silent in thought, absorbed in meditation

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhyāna-mūka

dhyāna-mūka - silent in deep thought/meditation

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dhyāna+mūka)

• dhyāna – meditation, contemplation, deep thought (dhyāna)
  noun (neuter)
  From root dhyā- (to meditate)
  Root: dhyā (class 1)
• mūka – mute, silent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'tam'.

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - miserable, pitiable, wretched

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - miserable, wretched, pitiable, poor

Note: Agrees with 'tam'.

भृश-आर्तम् (bhṛśa-ārtam) - greatly distressed, intensely suffering

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhṛśa-ārta

bhṛśa-ārta - greatly distressed

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhṛśa+ārta)

• bhṛśa – much, very, greatly
  indeclinable
• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ṛ- (to go) with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'tam'.

आर्त-अयनिः (ārta-ayaniḥ) - Sanjaya (Sanjaya (son of Artayana))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārta-ayani

ārta-ayani - descendant of Artayana, Sanjaya

Patronymic from Artayana

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

दीनम् (dīnam) - dejected, sad, miserable

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - dejected, miserable, sorrowful

Note: Agrees with 'tam'.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Indicative

Root vac- (to speak), 3rd person singular Perfect Indicative Parasmaipada.

Root: vac (class 2)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence

Derived from vac- (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

पश्य (paśya) - see! behold!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Present Imperative

Root dṛś- (to see), 2nd person singular Present Imperative Parasmaipada (uses 'paśya' stem).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Agrees with 'āyodhanam' and 'ugram'.

उग्रम् (ugram) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ugra

ugra - terrible, fierce, mighty, dreadful

Note: Agrees with 'āyodhanam'.

नर-वाजि-नागैः (nara-vāji-nāgaiḥ) - by men, horses, and elephants

(compound)

Compound type : dvandva (nara+vāji+nāga)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• vāji – horse
  noun (masculine)
• nāga – elephant, serpent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the slain soldiers and animals.

आयोधनम् (āyodhanam) - battlefield, place of battle

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āyodhana

āyodhana - battlefield, fight, combat

From root yudh- (to fight) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'paśya'.

वीर-हतैः (vīra-hataiḥ) - slain by valiant heroes (modifies nara-vāji-nāgaiḥ) (by (those who were) slain heroes, by heroes who were slain)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vīra-hata

vīra-hata - slain by heroes

Compound type : tatpurusha (vīra+hata)

• vīra – hero
  noun (masculine)
• hata – slain, killed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han- (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'nara-vāji-nāgaiḥ', indicating the cause of their being filled.

प्रपन्नम् (prapannam) - filled, pervaded, attained

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prapanna

prapanna - filled, obtained, reached, approached, fallen into

Past Passive Participle

From root pad- (to go, fall) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'āyodhanam'.