महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-68, verse-49

सकाननाः साद्रिचयाश्चकम्पुः प्रविव्यथुर्भूतगणाश्च मारिष ।
बृहस्पती रोहिणीं संप्रपीड्य बभूव चन्द्रार्कसमानवर्णः ॥४९॥

49. sakānanāḥ sādricayāścakampuḥ; pravivyathurbhūtagaṇāśca māriṣa ,
bṛhaspatī rohiṇīṁ saṁprapīḍya; babhūva candrārkasamānavarṇaḥ.

49. sakānanāḥ sādricayāḥ cakampuḥ
pravivyathuḥ bhūtaganāḥ ca māriṣa
bṛhaspatiḥ rohiṇīm samprapīḍya
babhūva candrārkasamānavarṇaḥ

49. māriṣa sakānanāḥ sādricayāḥ
cakampuḥ ca bhūtaganāḥ pravivyathuḥ
bṛhaspatiḥ rohiṇīm samprapīḍya
candrārkasamānavarṇaḥ babhūva

49. O respected one (māriṣa), (the lands) with forests (kānana) and mountain ranges trembled, and the multitudes of beings (bhūtaganāḥ) were distressed. Jupiter (Bṛhaspati), having severely afflicted (the constellation) Rohiṇī, became the color of the moon and the sun combined.

Words meanings summery:

• सकाननाः (sakānanāḥ) - (the lands) with forests (with forests, forested)

• साद्रिचयाः (sādricayāḥ) - (the lands) with mountain ranges (with mountain ranges/heaps of mountains)

• चकम्पुः (cakampuḥ) - they trembled (they trembled, shook)

• प्रविव्यथुः (pravivyathuḥ) - they were distressed (they were greatly distressed, pained)

• भूतगनाः (bhūtaganāḥ) - the multitudes of beings (multitudes of beings, hosts of spirits)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one! (O respected one! O worthy one!)

• बृहस्पतिः (bṛhaspatiḥ) - Jupiter (Jupiter, lord of prayer)

• रोहिणीम् (rohiṇīm) - the constellation Rohiṇī (Rohiṇī (a constellation))

• सम्प्रपीड्य (samprapīḍya) - having severely afflicted (having severely afflicted, having completely crushed)

• बभूव (babhūva) - became (he became, he was)

• चन्द्रार्कसमानवर्णः (candrārkasamānavarṇaḥ) - the color of the moon and the sun combined (having the color equal to the moon and the sun)

Words meanings and morphology

सकाननाः (sakānanāḥ) - (the lands) with forests (with forests, forested)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sakānana

sakānana - with forests, forested

Bahuvrihi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+kānana)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• kānana – forest, grove, wood
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with an implied subject like 'bhūmayaḥ' (lands).

साद्रिचयाः (sādricayāḥ) - (the lands) with mountain ranges (with mountain ranges/heaps of mountains)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sādricaya

sādricaya - with mountain ranges/heaps of mountains

Bahuvrihi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+adri+caya)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• adri – mountain, rock
  noun (masculine)
• caya – heap, pile, collection, mass
  noun (masculine)
  From root ci (to collect)
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Agrees with an implied subject like 'bhūmayaḥ' (lands).

चकम्पुः (cakampuḥ) - they trembled (they trembled, shook)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kamp

Perfect Tense

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person plural

Root: kamp (class 1)

प्रविव्यथुः (pravivyathuḥ) - they were distressed (they were greatly distressed, pained)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pravivyath

Perfect Tense

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person plural, with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vyath (class 1)

भूतगनाः (bhūtaganāḥ) - the multitudes of beings (multitudes of beings, hosts of spirits)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhūtagana

bhūtagana - multitude of beings, host of spirits, ghosts

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūta+gana)

• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• gana – multitude, host, troop, collection
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one! (O respected one! O worthy one!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - worthy, respected, venerable; vocative: O respected one!

बृहस्पतिः (bṛhaspatiḥ) - Jupiter (Jupiter, lord of prayer)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhaspati

bṛhaspati - Bṛhaspati (preceptor of the gods, planet Jupiter)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bṛhat+pati)

• bṛhat – great, large, lofty
  adjective (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

रोहिणीम् (rohiṇīm) - the constellation Rohiṇī (Rohiṇī (a constellation))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rohiṇī

rohiṇī - Rohiṇī (name of a constellation, a goddess, a cow)

सम्प्रपीड्य (samprapīḍya) - having severely afflicted (having severely afflicted, having completely crushed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with prefixes sam and pra, and suffix -ya for absolutive

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

बभूव (babhūva) - became (he became, he was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect Tense

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

चन्द्रार्कसमानवर्णः (candrārkasamānavarṇaḥ) - the color of the moon and the sun combined (having the color equal to the moon and the sun)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of candrārkasamānavarṇa

candrārkasamānavarṇa - having the color equal to the moon and the sun

Bahuvrihi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (candra+arka+samāna+varṇa)

• candra – moon, lunar
  noun (masculine)
• arka – sun, ray
  noun (masculine)
• samāna – equal, similar, like
  adjective (masculine)
• varṇa – color, tint, appearance
  noun (masculine)