महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-68, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
शल्यस्तु कर्णार्जुनयोर्विमर्दे बलानि दृष्ट्वा मृदितानि बाणैः ।
दुर्योधनं यान्तमवेक्षमाणो संदर्शयद्भारत युद्धभूमिम् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
śalyastu karṇārjunayorvimarde; balāni dṛṣṭvā mṛditāni bāṇaiḥ ,
duryodhanaṁ yāntamavekṣamāṇo; saṁdarśayadbhārata yuddhabhūmim.

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca śalyaḥ tu karṇārjunayoḥ
vimarde balāni dṛṣṭvā mṛditāni
bāṇaiḥ duryodhanaṃ yāntam avekṣamāṇaḥ
saṃdarśayat bhārata yuddhabhūmim

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca bhārata,
tu śalyaḥ karṇārjunayoḥ vimarde bāṇaiḥ mṛditāni balāni dṛṣṭvā yāntam duryodhanaṃ avekṣamāṇaḥ yuddhabhūmim saṃdarśayat

1. Sañjaya said: But Śalya, seeing the armies crushed by arrows in the fierce clash between Karṇa and Arjuna, and noticing Duryodhana departing, pointed out the battlefield, O Bhārata.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya (a king, Karna's charioteer)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

• कर्णार्जुनयोः (karṇārjunayoḥ) - between Karṇa and Arjuna (of Karna and Arjuna, between Karna and Arjuna)

• विमर्दे (vimarde) - in the fierce clash (in the clash, in the conflict, in the battle)

• बलानि (balāni) - armies (armies, forces, strengths)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen, seeing)

• मृदितानि (mṛditāni) - crushed (crushed, trampled, destroyed)

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• दुर्योधनं (duryodhanaṁ) - Duryodhana

• यान्तम् (yāntam) - departing (going, moving, departing)

• अवेक्षमाणः (avekṣamāṇaḥ) - noticing (looking at, observing, noticing)

• संदर्शयत् (saṁdarśayat) - pointed out (he showed, he pointed out)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O descendant of Bharata (Dhritarashtra))

• युद्धभूमिम् (yuddhabhūmim) - the battlefield

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - victory, triumphant, a proper name

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Narrator.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect active, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya (a king, Karna's charioteer)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - spear, dart, thorn, proper name

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

कर्णार्जुनयोः (karṇārjunayoḥ) - between Karṇa and Arjuna (of Karna and Arjuna, between Karna and Arjuna)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of karṇārjuna

karṇārjuna - Karṇa and Arjuna

Compound type : dvandva (karṇa+arjuna)

• karṇa – ear, Karna (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• arjuna – Arjuna (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Connects with 'vimarde' (clash).

विमर्दे (vimarde) - in the fierce clash (in the clash, in the conflict, in the battle)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vimarda

vimarda - conflict, clash, battle, rubbing, crushing

Derived from vi-√mṛd (to crush, rub, destroy).

Prefix: vi

Root: mṛd (class 9)

Note: The location of the action.

बलानि (balāni) - armies (armies, forces, strengths)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of bala

bala - strength, force, army

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen, seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

मृदितानि (mṛditāni) - crushed (crushed, trampled, destroyed)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of mṛdita

mṛdita - crushed, trampled, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root mṛd (to crush)

Root: mṛd (class 9)

Note: Modifies 'balāni'.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

दुर्योधनं (duryodhanaṁ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - hard to conquer, a proper name

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'avekṣamāṇaḥ'.

यान्तम् (yāntam) - departing (going, moving, departing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yānt

yānt - going, moving, departing

Present Active Participle

From root yā (to go)

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'duryodhanaṃ'.

अवेक्षमाणः (avekṣamāṇaḥ) - noticing (looking at, observing, noticing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avekṣamāṇa

avekṣamāṇa - looking at, observing, noticing

Present Participle (Ātmanepada)

From ava-√īkṣ (to look at)

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

संदर्शयत् (saṁdarśayat) - pointed out (he showed, he pointed out)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of saṃdarśay

Causative Imperfect active, 3rd person singular

From root dṛś (to see), with 'sam' prefix, in causative ('-ay') form.

Prefix: sam

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O descendant of Bharata (Dhritarashtra))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to India, a proper name

Root: bhṛ

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra, to whom Sañjaya is narrating.

युद्धभूमिम् (yuddhabhūmim) - the battlefield

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yuddhabhūmi

yuddhabhūmi - battlefield, battleground

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuddha+bhūmi)

• yuddha – battle, fight
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root yudh (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• bhūmi – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'saṃdarśayat'.