महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-68, verse-12

अवध्यकल्पा निहता नरेन्द्रास्तवार्थकामा युधि पाण्डवेयैः ।
तन्मा शुचो भारत दिष्टमेतत्पर्यायसिद्धिर्न सदास्ति सिद्धिः ॥१२॥

12. avadhyakalpā nihatā narendrā;stavārthakāmā yudhi pāṇḍaveyaiḥ ,
tanmā śuco bhārata diṣṭameta;tparyāyasiddhirna sadāsti siddhiḥ.

12. avadhyakalpāḥ nihatāḥ narendrāḥ tava
artha-kāmāḥ yudhi pāṇḍaveyaiḥ
tat mā śucaḥ bhārata diṣṭam etat
paryāya-siddhiḥ na sadā asti siddhiḥ

12. bhārata tava avadhyakalpāḥ artha-kāmāḥ
narendrāḥ yudhi pāṇḍaveyaiḥ
nihatāḥ tat mā śucaḥ etat diṣṭam
paryāya-siddhiḥ sadā siddhiḥ na asti

12. Your kings, who were almost invulnerable and fought for your cause, have been slain in battle by the Pandavas. Therefore, O descendant of Bharata, do not grieve; this is destiny. Success is not always constant; it alternates.

Words meanings summery:

• अवध्यकल्पाः (avadhyakalpāḥ) - almost invulnerable, virtually indestructible

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - slain, killed

• नरेन्द्राः (narendrāḥ) - kings, lords of men

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• अर्थ-कामाः (artha-kāmāḥ) - fighting for your cause/purpose (desirous of wealth/purpose)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

• पाण्डवेयैः (pāṇḍaveyaiḥ) - by the Pandavas, by the sons of Pandu

• तत् (tat) - therefore, that (as in 'that is why')

• मा (mā) - not, do not

• शुचः (śucaḥ) - grieve (you)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra (O Bharata, O descendant of Bharata)

• दिष्टम् (diṣṭam) - destiny, fate

• एतत् (etat) - this

• पर्याय-सिद्धिः (paryāya-siddhiḥ) - alternating success, success by turn

• न (na) - not

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• सिद्धिः (siddhiḥ) - success, attainment

Words meanings and morphology

अवध्यकल्पाः (avadhyakalpāḥ) - almost invulnerable, virtually indestructible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avadhyakalpa

avadhyakalpa - almost impossible to kill/destroy

Compound type : karmadhāraya (avadhya+kalpa)

• avadhya – not to be killed, invulnerable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  Negated gerundive of root han (to strike, kill), a- + vadhyā (from vadha, killing)
  Prefix: a
  Root: han (class 2)
• kalpa – like, similar to, almost
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix indicating 'almost'

Note: Agrees with 'narendrāḥ'.

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - slain, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - struck down, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han- (to strike, kill) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'narendrāḥ'.

नरेन्द्राः (narendrāḥ) - kings, lords of men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the first part of the verse.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra.

अर्थ-कामाः (artha-kāmāḥ) - fighting for your cause/purpose (desirous of wealth/purpose)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of artha-kāma

artha-kāma - desirous of gain/purpose

Compound type : tatpurusha (artha+kāma)

• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)
• kāma – desire, wish
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'narendrāḥ'.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

पाण्डवेयैः (pāṇḍaveyaiḥ) - by the Pandavas, by the sons of Pandu

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍaveya

pāṇḍaveya - son of Pandu, a Pandava

Derived from Pandu

Note: Agent in the passive construction.

तत् (tat) - therefore, that (as in 'that is why')

(indeclinable)

मा (mā) - not, do not

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'śucaḥ' (Aorist imperative).

शुचः (śucaḥ) - grieve (you)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist imperative (luṅ) of śuc

Aorist Imperative

Root śuc- (to sorrow, lament), 2nd person singular Aorist imperative.

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Used with 'mā' for prohibition.

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra (O Bharata, O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior

Derived from Bharata

दिष्टम् (diṣṭam) - destiny, fate

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of diṣṭa

diṣṭa - destiny, fate, ordained

Past Passive Participle (often substantivized)

From root diś- (to point, direct, ordain).

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'etat'.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Subject of "etat diṣṭam".

पर्याय-सिद्धिः (paryāya-siddhiḥ) - alternating success, success by turn

(compound)

Compound type : tatpurusha (paryāya+siddhi)

• paryāya – turn, rotation, alternation
  noun (masculine)
  From pari- + i (to go around)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: i (class 2)
• siddhi – success, attainment, perfection
  noun (feminine)
  Root: sidh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'na asti'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'asti'.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'asti'.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of as

Present Indicative

Root as- (to be), 3rd person singular Present Indicative Parasmaipada.

Root: as (class 2)

सिद्धिः (siddhiḥ) - success, attainment

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of siddhi

siddhi - success, attainment, perfection

Root: sidh (class 4)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'paryāya-siddhiḥ'.