महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-145, verse-37

तावकाश्च महाराज कर्णपुत्रश्च दंशितः ।
सात्यकिं विव्यधुस्तूर्णं समन्तान्निशितैः शरैः ॥३७॥

37. tāvakāśca mahārāja karṇaputraśca daṁśitaḥ ,
sātyakiṁ vivyadhustūrṇaṁ samantānniśitaiḥ śaraiḥ.

37. tāvakāḥ ca mahārāja karṇaputraḥ ca daṃśitaḥ
sātyakiṃ vivyudhuḥ tūrṇaṃ samantāt niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ

37. mahārāja tāvakāḥ ca karṇaputraḥ ca daṃśitaḥ tūrṇaṃ
samantāt niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ sātyakiṃ vivyudhuḥ

37. O great king, your warriors and Karna's son, being armored, swiftly pierced Sātyaki from all sides with sharpened arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - Referring to Duryodhana's army (your side). (your men, your warriors)

• च (ca) - and

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O great king)

• कर्णपुत्रः (karṇaputraḥ) - Specifically Vṛṣasena. (Karna's son (Vṛṣasena))

• च (ca) - and

• दंशितः (daṁśitaḥ) - Wearing armor, ready for battle. (armored, equipped, protected)

• सात्यकिं (sātyakiṁ) - The target of the arrows. (Sātyaki)

• विव्युधुः (vivyudhuḥ) - they pierced, they struck

• तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - quickly, swiftly

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - Describing the arrows. (with sharpened, keen)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - Referring to Duryodhana's army (your side). (your men, your warriors)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you, your people, your army (as a noun)

Derived from pronominal root *tva* (you).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahant+rājan)

• mahant – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

कर्णपुत्रः (karṇaputraḥ) - Specifically Vṛṣasena. (Karna's son (Vṛṣasena))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇaputra

karṇaputra - son of Karna

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karṇa+putra)

• karṇa – Karna
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दंशितः (daṁśitaḥ) - Wearing armor, ready for battle. (armored, equipped, protected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṃśita

daṁśita - armored, armed, clothed with mail, bitten

Past Passive Participle

From √daṃś (to bite, to arm)

Root: daṃś (class 1)

सात्यकिं (sātyakiṁ) - The target of the arrows. (Sātyaki)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - Sātyaki (proper name of a Vṛṣṇi warrior, also known as Yuyudhāna)

Patronymic from Satyak.

विव्युधुः (vivyudhuḥ) - they pierced, they struck

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of vidh

perfect

Root √vyadh (4th class), Parasmaipada, perfect, 3rd person plural. Reduplicated form 'vivyadh-'.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Can function as an adjective or an adverb in the neuter accusative singular. Here, it is an adverb.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying 'vivyudhuḥ'.

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound with a tasi-suffix.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (sam+anta)

• sam – together, with, completely
  indeclinable
  Prefix.
• anta – end, vicinity, side
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions as an adverb.

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - Describing the arrows. (with sharpened, keen)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, pointed

Past Passive Participle

From ni- + √śā (to sharpen) or ni- + √śi (to sharpen).

Prefix: ni

Root: śā / śi (class 4)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṝ (class 9)