महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-145, verse-34

कम्पयन्निव घोषेण धनुषो वसुधां बली ।
सूतपुत्रो महाराज सात्यकिं प्रत्ययोधयत् ॥३४॥

34. kampayanniva ghoṣeṇa dhanuṣo vasudhāṁ balī ,
sūtaputro mahārāja sātyakiṁ pratyayodhayat.

34. kampayan iva ghoṣeṇa dhanuṣaḥ vasudhām balī
sūtaputraḥ mahārāja sātyakim prati ayudhayat

34. mahārāja balī sūtaputraḥ dhanuṣaḥ ghoṣeṇa
vasudhām kampayan iva sātyakim prati ayudhayat

34. O great king, the mighty son of Suta, Karna, as if shaking the earth with the sound of his bow, fought back against Satyaki.

Words meanings summery:

• कम्पयन् (kampayan) - causing to tremble, shaking

• इव (iva) - as if, like

• घोषेण (ghoṣeṇa) - with the sound, with the roar

• धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - of the bow

• वसुधाम् (vasudhām) - the earth

• बली (balī) - the mighty one, powerful

• सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - Karna, the son of the charioteer (the son of Suta (Karna))

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• सात्यकिम् (sātyakim) - Satyaki

• प्रति (prati) - against, in return

• अयुधयत् (ayudhayat) - fought back, engaged in combat

Words meanings and morphology

कम्पयन् (kampayan) - causing to tremble, shaking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kampayat

kampayat - causing to tremble, shaking

Present Active Participle (Causative)

Causative stem of √kamp ('to tremble')

Root: kamp (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)

घोषेण (ghoṣeṇa) - with the sound, with the roar

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ghoṣa

ghoṣa - sound, noise, roar

धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - of the bow

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

वसुधाम् (vasudhām) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vasudhā

vasudhā - earth, ground

बली (balī) - the mighty one, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - mighty, strong, powerful

सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - Karna, the son of the charioteer (the son of Suta (Karna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer (sūta); an epithet for Karna

Compound type : tatpurusha (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

सात्यकिम् (sātyakim) - Satyaki

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - Satyaki (name of a Vrishni hero)

प्रति (prati) - against, in return

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an upasarga with the verb 'ayudhayat'.

अयुधयत् (ayudhayat) - fought back, engaged in combat

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √yudh

Causative verb form

Derived from √yudh (class 4) in causative form `yudhaya`.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Used with upasarga 'prati'.