महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-145, verse-20

द्रुमसेनस्तु संक्रुद्धो राजन्विव्याध पत्रिणा ।
त्रिभिश्चान्यैः शरैस्तूर्णं तिष्ठ तिष्ठेति चाब्रवीत् ॥२०॥

20. drumasenastu saṁkruddho rājanvivyādha patriṇā ,
tribhiścānyaiḥ śaraistūrṇaṁ tiṣṭha tiṣṭheti cābravīt.

20. drumasenaḥ tu saṃkruddhaḥ rājan vivyādha patrinā tribhiḥ
ca anyaiḥ śaraiḥ tūrṇam tiṣṭha tiṣṭha iti ca abravīt

20. rājan drumasenaḥ tu saṃkruddhaḥ patrinā ca anyaiḥ tribhiḥ
śaraiḥ tūrṇam vivyādha ca tiṣṭha tiṣṭha iti abravīt

20. But Drumasena, enraged, O King, quickly pierced (him) with an arrow and three other arrows, and said, "Stop! Stop!"

Words meanings summery:

• द्रुमसेनः (drumasenaḥ) - Drumasena

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - enraged, greatly angered

• राजन् (rājan) - O king!

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck

• पत्रिना (patrinā) - with an arrow (with an arrow, with a winged one)

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three (arrows) (with three)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - with other (arrows) (with others, with different)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - Stop! (command) (stop, stand, remain)

• तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - Stop! (command) (stop, stand, remain)

• इति (iti) - marks the end of a quote (thus, so, in this manner)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

द्रुमसेनः (drumasenaḥ) - Drumasena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drumasena

drumasena - Drumasena (a proper name)

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - enraged, greatly angered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - enraged, greatly angered, very wrathful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √krudh (to be angry) with prefix 'sam-'.

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Adjectival participle modifying Drumasena.

राजन् (rājan) - O king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: An address to the listener, typical in narrative poetry.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vivyādh

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect form of √vyadh (to pierce, strike).

Root: vyadh (class 4)

पत्रिना (patrinā) - with an arrow (with an arrow, with a winged one)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of patrin

patrin - winged, feathered; an arrow, a bird

Derived from 'patra' (wing, feather) with the possessive suffix '-in'.

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three (arrows) (with three)

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - with other (arrows) (with others, with different)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (used adverbially)

Derived from the root √tvar (to hurry) as a PPP, here used as an adverb.

Root: tvar (class 1)

तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - Stop! (command) (stop, stand, remain)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of tiṣṭha

Imperative Active

Second person singular imperative form of √sthā (to stand, stop).

Root: sthā (class 1)

तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - Stop! (command) (stop, stand, remain)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of tiṣṭha

Imperative Active

Second person singular imperative form of √sthā (to stand, stop).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Repetition for emphasis.

इति (iti) - marks the end of a quote (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abravīt

Imperfect Active

Third person singular imperfect form of √brū (to speak).

Root: brū (class 2)