महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-145, verse-18

स विद्धः सप्तभिर्वीरैर्द्रोणत्राणार्थमाहवे ।
सर्वानसंभ्रमाद्राजन्प्रत्यविध्यत्त्रिभिस्त्रिभिः ।
द्रोणं द्रौणिं च कर्णं च विव्याध तव चात्मजम् ॥१८॥

18. sa viddhaḥ saptabhirvīrairdroṇatrāṇārthamāhave ,
sarvānasaṁbhramādrājanpratyavidhyattribhistribhiḥ ,
droṇaṁ drauṇiṁ ca karṇaṁ ca vivyādha tava cātmajam.

18. saḥ viddhaḥ saptabhiḥ vīraiḥ droṇatrāṇārtham
āhave sarvān asaṃbhramāt rājan
pratyavidhyat tribhiḥ tribhiḥ droṇam drauṇim
ca karṇam ca vivyādha tava ca ātmajam

18. rājan saḥ droṇatrāṇārtham āhave saptabhiḥ
vīraiḥ viddhaḥ asaṃbhramāt tribhiḥ
tribhiḥ sarvān pratyavidhyat droṇam ca drauṇim
ca karṇam ca tava ca ātmajam vivyādha

18. O King, though he (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) was struck by seven heroes in that battle—heroes who were fighting for Droṇa's protection—he, without any agitation, retaliated against all of them. He shot back, piercing each with three arrows: Droṇa, Droṇi (Aśvatthāman), Karna, and your own son (Duryodhana).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (he, that)

• विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - (he) having been pierced/struck (pierced, struck)

• सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - by seven

• वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by the seven heroes (mentioned in previous verses) (by heroes, by warriors)

• द्रोणत्राणार्थम् (droṇatrāṇārtham) - for Droṇa's protection

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in the conflict

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of the aforementioned heroes (all (of them))

• असंभ्रमात् (asaṁbhramāt) - without confusion, without agitation

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the narrator Saṃjaya is speaking to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)

• प्रत्यविध्यत् (pratyavidhyat) - he shot back, he retaliated by piercing

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three (arrows) (with three)

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three (arrows) each (with three)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa

• द्रौणिम् (drauṇim) - Droṇi (Aśvatthāman) (Droṇi (son of Droṇa))

• च (ca) - and

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

• च (ca) - and

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck

• तव (tava) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your)

• च (ca) - and

• आत्मजम् (ātmajam) - your own son (Duryodhana) (son, offspring)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - (he) having been pierced/struck (pierced, struck)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, wounded

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root √vyadh (class 4, divādi)

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ'

सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - by seven

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'vīraiḥ'

वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by the seven heroes (mentioned in previous verses) (by heroes, by warriors)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

Note: Used as agent with the passive participle 'viddhaḥ'

द्रोणत्राणार्थम् (droṇatrāṇārtham) - for Droṇa's protection

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+trāṇa+artha)

• droṇa – Droṇa
  proper noun (masculine)
• trāṇa – protection, preservation, rescue
  noun (neuter)
  From root √trā (to protect)
  Root: trā (class 2)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to denote purpose

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in the conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, war, combat

Prefix: ā

Root: hu (class 3)

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of the aforementioned heroes (all (of them))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Object of 'pratyavidhyat'

असंभ्रमात् (asaṁbhramāt) - without confusion, without agitation

(indeclinable)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+saṃbhrama)

• a – not, non-, un-
  prefix
• saṃbhrama – confusion, agitation, haste, reverence
  noun (masculine)
  From root √bhram with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially

राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the narrator Saṃjaya is speaking to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

प्रत्यविध्यत् (pratyavidhyat) - he shot back, he retaliated by piercing

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratyavyadh

Imperfect (laṅ)

Formed from root √vyadh (class 4, divādi) with prefix prati- in imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Prefix: prati

Root: vyadh (class 4)

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three (arrows) (with three)

(numeral)

Note: (implied 'śaraiḥ')

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three (arrows) each (with three)

(numeral)

Note: Repetition implies 'each' or 'with three arrows [for each]'

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (a preceptor)

द्रौणिम् (drauṇim) - Droṇi (Aśvatthāman) (Droṇi (son of Droṇa))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāman

Patronymic from Droṇa

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (son of Kuntī and Sūrya)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vyadh

Perfect (lit)

Formed from root √vyadh (class 4, divādi) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Repeated verb, applies to each of the subsequent objects.

तव (tava) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Refers to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

आत्मजम् (ātmajam) - your own son (Duryodhana) (son, offspring)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātmaja

ātmaja - born of oneself, son, offspring

From ātman + √jan + a

Compound type : genitive tatpuruṣa (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  From root √jan 'to be born'
  Root: jan (class 4)