महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-193, verse-31

स तद्गृहस्योपरि वर्तमान आलोकयामास धनाधिगोप्ता ।
स्थूणस्य यक्षस्य निशाम्य वेश्म स्वलंकृतं माल्यगुणैर्विचित्रम् ॥३१॥

31. sa tadgṛhasyopari vartamāna; ālokayāmāsa dhanādhigoptā ,
sthūṇasya yakṣasya niśāmya veśma; svalaṁkṛtaṁ mālyaguṇairvicitram.

31. saḥ tat gṛhasya upari vartamānaḥ
ālokayāmāsa dhanādhipagoptā
sthūṇasya yakṣasya niśāmya veśma
svalankṛtam mālyaguṇaiḥ vicitram

31. saḥ dhanādhipagoptā tat gṛhasya
upari vartamānaḥ sthūṇasya
yakṣasya mālyaguṇaiḥ vicitram
svalankṛtam veśma niśāmya ālokayāmāsa

31. Being situated above that house, he, the protector of wealth, Kubera, carefully observed the dwelling of Sthūṇa, the yakṣa (yakṣa), which was well-decorated and made splendid with various garlands.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Kubera) (he, that)

• तत् (tat) - that (Sthūṇa's) house (that)

• गृहस्य (gṛhasya) - of the house, of the home

• उपरि (upari) - above, over, on top of

• वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - being situated (being, existing, staying)

• आलोकयामास (ālokayāmāsa) - observed (beheld, observed, looked upon)

• धनाधिपगोप्ता (dhanādhipagoptā) - the protector of wealth (Kubera) (the protector of wealth, lord of riches)

• स्थूणस्य (sthūṇasya) - of Sthūṇa

• यक्षस्य (yakṣasya) - of the yakṣa

• निशाम्य (niśāmya) - carefully observed (as adverbial, qualifying 'observed') (having observed, having perceived, having examined)

• वेश्म (veśma) - dwelling, house, abode

• स्वलन्कृतम् (svalankṛtam) - well-decorated, finely adorned

• माल्यगुणैः (mālyaguṇaiḥ) - with various garlands (by arrays of garlands, by qualities of garlands)

• विचित्रम् (vicitram) - splendid (variegated, splendid, diverse)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Kubera) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Kubera from the previous verse.

तत् (tat) - that (Sthūṇa's) house (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Adjectival, refers to the house mentioned in the previous verse.

गृहस्य (gṛhasya) - of the house, of the home

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling

Note: Refers to Sthūṇa's house.

उपरि (upari) - above, over, on top of

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the genitive `gṛhasya`.

वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - being situated (being, existing, staying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - being, existing, present, current

present participle

Present participle of root `vṛt` (to be, to exist) in the ātmanepada.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Modifies `saḥ` (Kubera), describing his state.

आलोकयामास (ālokayāmāsa) - observed (beheld, observed, looked upon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of ā-lok

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Third person singular periphrastic perfect of `ā-lok`.

धनाधिपगोप्ता (dhanādhipagoptā) - the protector of wealth (Kubera) (the protector of wealth, lord of riches)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanādhipagopṭṛ

dhanādhipagopṭṛ - protector of wealth, lord of riches

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhana+adhipa+gopṭṛ)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)
• gopṭṛ – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Agent noun from root `gup` (to protect) with suffix `tṛ`.
  Root: gup (class 1)

Note: Another descriptor of Kubera, the subject.

स्थूणस्य (sthūṇasya) - of Sthūṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sthūṇa

sthūṇa - Sthūṇa (a proper name, a Yakṣa)

Note: Possessive, referring to the owner of the dwelling.

यक्षस्य (yakṣasya) - of the yakṣa

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yakṣa

yakṣa - yakṣa (a class of nature-spirits, typically benevolent guardians of treasure, associated with Kubera)

Note: Descriptor of Sthūṇa, clarifying his nature/lineage.

निशाम्य (niśāmya) - carefully observed (as adverbial, qualifying 'observed') (having observed, having perceived, having examined)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Absolutive form of root `śam` (to be calm) with prefix `ni`, here meaning to observe carefully.

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially, qualifying the main verb's action.

वेश्म (veśma) - dwelling, house, abode

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of veśman

veśman - dwelling, house, abode

Note: Object of `ālokayāmāsa` and `niśāmya`.

स्वलन्कृतम् (svalankṛtam) - well-decorated, finely adorned

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svalankṛta

svalankṛta - well-decorated, finely adorned

past passive participle (compound)

Compound of `su` (well) and `alankṛta` (decorated). `alankṛta` is PPP of `alam-kṛ`.

Compound type : pravriddha-tatpurusha (su+alaṅkṛta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• alaṅkṛta – decorated, adorned
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of root `kṛ` (to do, make) with prefix `alam` (ornament).
  Prefix: alam
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies `veśma`.

माल्यगुणैः (mālyaguṇaiḥ) - with various garlands (by arrays of garlands, by qualities of garlands)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mālyaguṇa

mālyaguṇa - string/array of garlands, quality of garlands

Compound type : tatpurusha (mālya+guṇa)

• mālya – garland, wreath
  noun (neuter)
• guṇa – quality, string, strand, array, collection
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the means by which the dwelling was made splendid.

विचित्रम् (vicitram) - splendid (variegated, splendid, diverse)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vicitra

vicitra - variegated, diverse, splendid, wonderful, adorned

Prefix: vi

Root: cit

Note: Modifies `veśma`.