महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-193, verse-14

ब्रूहि मद्वचनाद्दूत पाञ्चाल्यं तं नृपाधमम् ।
यद्वै कन्यां स्वकन्यार्थे वृतवानसि दुर्मते ।
फलं तस्यावलेपस्य द्रक्ष्यस्यद्य न संशयः ॥१४॥

14. brūhi madvacanāddūta pāñcālyaṁ taṁ nṛpādhamam ,
yadvai kanyāṁ svakanyārthe vṛtavānasi durmate ,
phalaṁ tasyāvalepasya drakṣyasyadya na saṁśayaḥ.

14. brūhi madvacanāt dūta pāñcālyam tam
nṛpādhamam yat vai kanyām svakanyārthe
vṛtavān asi durmate phalam tasya
avalepasya drakṣyasi adya na saṃśayaḥ

14. dūta madvacanāt tam nṛpādhamam durmate
pāñcālyam brūhi yat vai svakanyārthe
kanyām vṛtavān asi adya tasya
avalepasya phalam na saṃśayaḥ drakṣyasi

14. O messenger, tell that evil-minded Pāñcālya, that worst of kings, from my words: 'Because you indeed chose a maiden for the sake of your own daughter, you will undoubtedly see the consequences of that insolence today.'

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell (as an instruction to the messenger) (speak, tell, say)

• मद्वचनात् (madvacanāt) - from my words (as told by King Kāñcanavarman) (from my words, by my command)

• दूत (dūta) - O messenger (addressed by Kāñcanavarman) (messenger, envoy)

• पाञ्चाल्यम् (pāñcālyam) - Pāñcālya (King Drupada, whom the messenger is to address) (Pāñcāla, a king of the Pāñcālas)

• तम् (tam) - that (Pāñcālya) (that, him)

• नृपाधमम् (nṛpādhamam) - that worst of kings (referring to Pāñcālya) (worst of kings, lowest of men)

• यत् (yat) - because (introducing the reason for the king's anger) (that, which, because)

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphasizing the statement) (indeed, certainly, truly)

• कन्याम् (kanyām) - a maiden (referring to the chosen bride) (maiden, girl, daughter)

• स्वकन्यार्थे (svakanyārthe) - for the sake of your own daughter (Draupadī) (for the sake of one's own daughter)

• वृतवान् (vṛtavān) - you chose (a maiden) (chosen, selected)

• असि (asi) - you are (completing the past active participle construction) (you are)

• दुर्मते (durmate) - O evil-minded one (referring to Pāñcālya) (evil-minded, foolish)

• फलम् (phalam) - the consequence (of his insolence) (fruit, result, consequence)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (insolence) (of that, his)

• अवलेपस्य (avalepasya) - of his insolence (of insolence, arrogance, pride)

• द्रक्ष्यसि (drakṣyasi) - you (Pāñcālya) will see (you will see)

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt (implying 'no doubt') (doubt, uncertainty)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell (as an instruction to the messenger) (speak, tell, say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

imperative, 2nd person singular

Root 'brū' (or 'vac' with specific forms), imperative mood.

Root: brū (class 2)

मद्वचनात् (madvacanāt) - from my words (as told by King Kāñcanavarman) (from my words, by my command)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of madvacana

madvacana - my word, my speech, my command

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (mad+vacana)

• mad – my, of me (first person pronoun)
  pronoun
• vacana – word, speech, saying
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'vac' (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)

दूत (dūta) - O messenger (addressed by Kāñcanavarman) (messenger, envoy)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dūta

dūta - messenger, envoy, delegate

Past Passive Participle

Often derived from root 'du' (to go, move) or 'dū' (to burn), here meaning 'one who is sent'.

Root: dū (class 1)

पाञ्चाल्यम् (pāñcālyam) - Pāñcālya (King Drupada, whom the messenger is to address) (Pāñcāla, a king of the Pāñcālas)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāñcālya

pāñcālya - a prince/king of the Pañcālas (a country and people)

Patronymic or geographical derivative of Pañcāla.

तम् (tam) - that (Pāñcālya) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

नृपाधमम् (nṛpādhamam) - that worst of kings (referring to Pāñcālya) (worst of kings, lowest of men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpādhama

nṛpādhama - worst of kings, base king, despicable ruler

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+adhama)

• nṛpa – king, ruler, protector of men
  noun (masculine)
  From 'nṛ' (man) + 'pa' (protector, from root 'pā' to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)
• adhama – lowest, mean, base, worst
  adjective (masculine)

यत् (yat) - because (introducing the reason for the king's anger) (that, which, because)

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed (emphasizing the statement) (indeed, certainly, truly)

(indeclinable)

कन्याम् (kanyām) - a maiden (referring to the chosen bride) (maiden, girl, daughter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - maiden, girl, virgin, daughter

स्वकन्यार्थे (svakanyārthe) - for the sake of your own daughter (Draupadī) (for the sake of one's own daughter)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svakanyārtha

svakanyārtha - for the purpose/sake of one's own daughter

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svakanyā+artha)

• svakanyā – one's own daughter
  noun (feminine)
• artha – purpose, aim, sake, meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative case used to express purpose or 'for the sake of'.

वृतवान् (vṛtavān) - you chose (a maiden) (chosen, selected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛtavat

vṛtavat - one who has chosen, selected

Past Active Participle (kṛt-pratyaya)

Derived from root 'vṛ' (to choose, select) with the suffix '-vat' indicating agency.

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Functions as a finite verb when combined with 'asi'.

असि (asi) - you are (completing the past active participle construction) (you are)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present tense, 2nd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

दुर्मते (durmate) - O evil-minded one (referring to Pāñcālya) (evil-minded, foolish)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of durmati

durmati - evil-minded, foolish, wicked person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+mati)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
• mati – mind, thought, intelligence, intention
  noun (feminine)
  Root: man (class 4)

फलम् (phalam) - the consequence (of his insolence) (fruit, result, consequence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

तस्य (tasya) - of that (insolence) (of that, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

अवलेपस्य (avalepasya) - of his insolence (of insolence, arrogance, pride)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of avalepa

avalepa - insolence, arrogance, pride, scorn

Derived from 'ava' (down) + 'lip' (to anoint, smear), metaphorically 'being smeared with pride'.

Prefix: ava

Root: lip (class 6)

द्रक्ष्यसि (drakṣyasi) - you (Pāñcālya) will see (you will see)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of dṛś

future tense, 2nd person singular

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt (implying 'no doubt') (doubt, uncertainty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, hesitation

Derived from 'sam' (together, completely) + 'śī' (to lie, doubt).

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)