महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-170, verse-56

प्रकीर्णकेश्यो व्यथिताः कुरर्य इव दुःखिताः ।
पेतुः पुत्रान्पितॄन्भ्रातॄञ्शोचमाना महीतले ॥५६॥

56. prakīrṇakeśyo vyathitāḥ kurarya iva duḥkhitāḥ ,
petuḥ putrānpitṝnbhrātṝñśocamānā mahītale.

56. prakīrṇakeśyaḥ vyathitāḥ kuraryaḥ iva duḥkhitāḥ
petuḥ putrān pitṝn bhrātṝn śocamānāḥ mahītale

56. With disheveled hair, distressed and sorrowful like ospreys, they fell to the ground lamenting their sons, fathers, and brothers.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रकीर्णकेश्यः (prakīrṇakeśyaḥ) - having disheveled hair, with scattered hair

• व्यथिताः (vyathitāḥ) - distressed, afflicted, troubled

• कुरर्यः (kuraryaḥ) - ospreys, curlews

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• दुःखिताः (duḥkhitāḥ) - sorrowful, unhappy, miserable

• पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

• पितॄन् (pitṝn) - fathers

• भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

• शोचमानाः (śocamānāḥ) - lamenting, grieving, sorrowing

• महीतले (mahītale) - on the ground, on the earth

Words meanings and morphology

प्रकीर्णकेश्यः (prakīrṇakeśyaḥ) - having disheveled hair, with scattered hair

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prakīrṇakeśī

prakīrṇakeśī - having disheveled hair, with scattered hair

Compound: pra-kīrṇa (past passive participle of kṝ) + keśa (hair) + ī (feminine suffix)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prakīrṇa+keśa)

• prakīrṇa – scattered, spread out
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra- + root kṝ (to scatter)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kṝ (class 6)
• keśa – hair
  noun (masculine)

व्यथिताः (vyathitāḥ) - distressed, afflicted, troubled

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, afflicted, troubled

Past Passive Participle

From root vyath (to be distressed)

Root: vyath (class 1)

कुरर्यः (kuraryaḥ) - ospreys, curlews

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kurarī

kurarī - osprey, curlew (a kind of bird known for its mournful cry)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

दुःखिताः (duḥkhitāḥ) - sorrowful, unhappy, miserable

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - sorrowful, unhappy, miserable

Past Passive Participle

From root duh (to suffer) + kta suffix

Root: duh

पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Root pat, perfect tense form

Root: pat (class 1)

पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

पितॄन् (pitṝn) - fathers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

शोचमानाः (śocamānāḥ) - lamenting, grieving, sorrowing

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śocamāna

śocamāna - lamenting, grieving

Present Active Participle (ātmanepada)

From root śuc (to grieve, lament)

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Adjectival use, agreeing with the subjects of petuḥ.

महीतले (mahītale) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahītala

mahītala - ground, earth's surface

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+tala)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, plane, ground
  noun (neuter)