महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-170, verse-50

गाण्डीवास्त्रप्रणुन्नांस्तान्गतासून्नभसश्च्युतान् ।
दृष्ट्वाहं प्राणमं भूयस्त्रिपुरघ्नाय वेधसे ॥५०॥

50. gāṇḍīvāstrapraṇunnāṁstāngatāsūnnabhasaścyutān ,
dṛṣṭvāhaṁ prāṇamaṁ bhūyastripuraghnāya vedhase.

50. gāṇḍīvāstrapranunnān tān gatāsūn nabhasaḥ cyutān
dṛṣṭvā aham praṇamam bhūyaḥ tripuraghnāya vedhase

50. Having seen those Dānavas, driven by the weapon Gāṇḍīva, now lifeless and fallen from the sky, I bowed down again to the destroyer of the three cities (Tripuraghna), to the ordainer (Vedhas).

Words meanings summery:

• गाण्डीवास्त्रप्रनुन्नान् (gāṇḍīvāstrapranunnān) - those driven by the Gāṇḍīva weapon

• तान् (tān) - those

• गतासून् (gatāsūn) - whose life has departed, lifeless, dead

• नभसः (nabhasaḥ) - from the sky, from the atmosphere

• च्युतान् (cyutān) - fallen, dropped

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• अहम् (aham) - I

• प्रणमम् (praṇamam) - I bowed down, I prostrated

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, repeatedly

• त्रिपुरघ्नाय (tripuraghnāya) - Recipient of bowing, refers to Lord Śiva. (to the slayer of the three cities, to Śiva)

• वेधसे (vedhase) - Recipient of bowing, in apposition to tripuraghnāya. (to the ordainer, to the creator, to Brahmā or Śiva)

Words meanings and morphology

गाण्डीवास्त्रप्रनुन्नान् (gāṇḍīvāstrapranunnān) - those driven by the Gāṇḍīva weapon

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gāṇḍīvāstrapranunna

gāṇḍīvāstrapranunna - driven by the Gāṇḍīva weapon

Past Passive Participle

From root nud (to push, impel) with prefix pra, suffix kta, compounded with gāṇḍīvāstra.

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (gāṇḍīvāstra+pranunna)

• gāṇḍīvāstra – the weapon Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)
  proper noun (neuter)
• pranunna – pushed, driven, impelled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root nud with prefix pra and suffix kta.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: nud (class 6)

Note: Refers to the Dānavas

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the Dānavas mentioned in previous verse.

गतासून् (gatāsūn) - whose life has departed, lifeless, dead

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gatāsu

gatāsu - dead, lifeless (literally, whose breath/life has gone)

Past passive participle gata (gone) + noun asu (breath, life).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+asu)

• gata – gone, departed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam with suffix kta.
  Root: gam (class 1)
• asu – breath, life, vital air
  noun (masculine)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Refers to the Dānavas

नभसः (nabhasaḥ) - from the sky, from the atmosphere

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of nabhas

nabhas - sky, atmosphere, heaven, cloud

Root: nabh (class 1)

Note: Indicates the source from which the Dānavas fell.

च्युतान् (cyutān) - fallen, dropped

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of cyuta

cyuta - fallen, dropped, displaced

Past Passive Participle

From root cyu (to move, fall) with suffix kta.

Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Refers to the Dānavas, modifying tān.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dṛś (to see) with suffix ktvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Indicates a prior action to praṇamam.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of praṇamam.

प्रणमम् (praṇamam) - I bowed down, I prostrated

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pra-nam

Imperfect (Laṅ)

1st person singular, active voice.

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Note: Modifies praṇamam.

त्रिपुरघ्नाय (tripuraghnāya) - Recipient of bowing, refers to Lord Śiva. (to the slayer of the three cities, to Śiva)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tripuraghna

tripuraghna - slayer of the three cities (an epithet of Śiva)

From tri (three) + pura (city) + ghna (slayer).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (tri+pura+ghna)

• tri – three
  numeral
• pura – city, town, fortress
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pṛ (class 3)
• ghna – slayer, killer, destroyer
  suffix
  Agent Noun suffix
  From root han (to strike, kill) with suffix ḍa.
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Recipient of bowing, refers to Lord Śiva.

वेधसे (vedhase) - Recipient of bowing, in apposition to tripuraghnāya. (to the ordainer, to the creator, to Brahmā or Śiva)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vedhas

vedhas - ordainer, creator, disposer (an epithet of Brahmā or Śiva)

From root vidh (to arrange, ordain).

Root: vidh (class 1)

Note: Recipient of bowing, in apposition to tripuraghnāya.