महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-170, verse-37

तैः पीड्यमानो बहुभिः कृतास्त्रैः कुशलैर्युधि ।
व्यथितोऽस्मि महायुद्धे भयं चागान्महन्मम ॥३७॥

37. taiḥ pīḍyamāno bahubhiḥ kṛtāstraiḥ kuśalairyudhi ,
vyathito'smi mahāyuddhe bhayaṁ cāgānmahanmama.

37. taiḥ pīḍyamānaḥ bahubhiḥ kṛtāstraiḥ kuśalaiḥ yudhi |
vyathitaḥ asmi mahāyuddhe bhayam ca agāt mahat mama

37. Tormented in battle by many of them who were expert and skilled in weapons, I became distressed in that great war, and a great fear came upon me.

Words meanings summery:

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them, the enemies (by them)

• पीड्यमानः (pīḍyamānaḥ) - being tormented (being tormented, being distressed)

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many (of them) (by many)

• कृतास्त्रैः (kṛtāstraiḥ) - by those skilled in weapons (by those skilled in weapons, by those who have practiced weapons)

• कुशलैः (kuśalaiḥ) - by the expert (warriors) (by the skillful, by the expert)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• व्यथितः (vyathitaḥ) - distressed (distressed, disturbed, agitated)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• महायुद्धे (mahāyuddhe) - in that great war (in the great battle, in the great war)

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अगात् (agāt) - came upon (me) (it came, it went)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, mighty)

• मम (mama) - upon me (possessive or dative sense) (my, to me)

Words meanings and morphology

तैः (taiḥ) - by them, the enemies (by them)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'pīḍyamānaḥ'

पीड्यमानः (pīḍyamānaḥ) - being tormented (being tormented, being distressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pīḍ

pīḍ - to oppress, vex, injure, distress

Present Passive Participle

From the causative root pīḍ (class 10, pīḍayati)

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'I'

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many (of them) (by many)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Agrees with 'taiḥ'

कृतास्त्रैः (kṛtāstraiḥ) - by those skilled in weapons (by those skilled in weapons, by those who have practiced weapons)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kṛtāstra

kṛtāstra - skilled in weapons, accomplished in the use of missiles

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+astra)

• kṛta – done, made, performed, skilled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'taiḥ' and 'bahubhiḥ'

कुशलैः (kuśalaiḥ) - by the expert (warriors) (by the skillful, by the expert)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kuśala

kuśala - skillful, expert, clever, well, happy

Note: Agrees with 'taiḥ', 'bahubhiḥ', and 'kṛtāstraiḥ'

युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, war, fight

Root: yudh (class 4)

व्यथितः (vyathitaḥ) - distressed (distressed, disturbed, agitated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyathita

vyathita - agitated, distressed, disturbed

Past Passive Participle

From root vyath (to be agitated) + itā (suffix)

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'I'

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Copula

महायुद्धे (mahāyuddhe) - in that great war (in the great battle, in the great war)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahāyuddha

mahāyuddha - great battle, great war

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+yuddha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  From root yudh
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Refers to the Kurukshetra war

भयम् (bhayam) - fear

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, terror

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'agāt'

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

अगात् (agāt) - came upon (me) (it came, it went)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Sandhi with 'ca' to 'cāgāt'

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'bhayam'

मम (mama) - upon me (possessive or dative sense) (my, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

Note: Functions akin to a dative here ('to me')