महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-170, verse-31

तानहं निशितैर्बाणैर्व्यधमं गार्ध्रवाजितैः ।
ते युद्धे संन्यवर्तन्त समुद्रस्य यथोर्मयः ॥३१॥

31. tānahaṁ niśitairbāṇairvyadhamaṁ gārdhravājitaiḥ ,
te yuddhe saṁnyavartanta samudrasya yathormayaḥ.

31. tān aham niśitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ gārdhravājitaiḥ vyadhamam
te yuddhe samnyavartanta samudrasya yathā ūrmayaḥ

31. I scattered them with sharp arrows, feathered with vulture wings. Yet, they returned to battle just like the waves of the ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those (chariots/asuras) (those)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp (arrows) (with sharp, with sharpened)

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• गार्ध्रवाजितैः (gārdhravājitaiḥ) - feathered with vulture wings (describing arrows) (feathered with vulture feathers)

• व्यधमम् (vyadhamam) - I scattered, I dispersed

• ते (te) - they (the scattered asuras/chariots) (they, those)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• सम्न्यवर्तन्त (samnyavartanta) - they returned, they rallied, they turned back

• समुद्रस्य (samudrasya) - of the ocean, of the sea

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

• ऊर्मयः (ūrmayaḥ) - waves

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those (chariots/asuras) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, my

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp (arrows) (with sharp, with sharpened)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, sharp, whetted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'śā' (to sharpen) with prefix 'ni-'

Prefix: ni

Root: śā (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'bāṇaiḥ'

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

गार्ध्रवाजितैः (gārdhravājitaiḥ) - feathered with vulture wings (describing arrows) (feathered with vulture feathers)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gārdhravājita

gārdhravājita - feathered with vulture feathers

Compound type : tatpurusha (gārdhra+vājita)

• gārdhra – vulture, related to a vulture
  noun (masculine)
• vājita – feathered, winged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from 'vāja' (feather, wing) with the suffix '-ita' or root 'vāj' (to feather)
  Root: vāj

Note: Adjective modifying 'bāṇaiḥ'

व्यधमम् (vyadhamam) - I scattered, I dispersed

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of dham

Prefix: vi

Root: dham (class 1)

ते (te) - they (the scattered asuras/chariots) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

सम्न्यवर्तन्त (samnyavartanta) - they returned, they rallied, they turned back

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

समुद्रस्य (samudrasya) - of the ocean, of the sea

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

(indeclinable)

ऊर्मयः (ūrmayaḥ) - waves

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ūrmi

ūrmi - wave, surge, billow