महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-170, verse-1

अर्जुन उवाच ।
निवर्तमानेन मया महद्दृष्टं ततोऽपरम् ।
पुरं कामचरं दिव्यं पावकार्कसमप्रभम् ॥१॥

1. arjuna uvāca ,
nivartamānena mayā mahaddṛṣṭaṁ tato'param ,
puraṁ kāmacaraṁ divyaṁ pāvakārkasamaprabham.

1. arjunaḥ uvāca nivartamānena mayā mahat dṛṣṭam tataḥ
aparam puram kāmacaram divyam pāvakārkasamaprabham

1. Arjuna said: "As I was returning, I saw another great, divine city, which could move at will and shone with a luster like fire and the sun."

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• निवर्तमानेन (nivartamānena) - by the one returning, by me returning

• मया (mayā) - by me

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty, important

• दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - seen, observed

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, thereafter

• अपरम् (aparam) - another, other

• पुरम् (puram) - city, fortress

• कामचरम् (kāmacaram) - moving at will, free to move anywhere

• दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine, celestial, splendid

• पावकार्कसमप्रभम् (pāvakārkasamaprabham) - having a luster like fire and the sun

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a hero)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

निवर्तमानेन (nivartamānena) - by the one returning, by me returning

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vṛt

vṛt - to turn, to revolve

Present Middle Participle

Present Middle Participle of √vṛt (to turn) with prefix ni-, meaning 'returning'

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Describes 'mayā' (by me)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

1st person pronoun

महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty, important

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Accusative singular neuter, modifying 'puram'.

दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - seen, observed

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dṛś

dṛś - to see, to perceive

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular neuter, agreeing with 'puram'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, thereafter

(indeclinable)

अपरम् (aparam) - another, other

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent, inferior

Indefinite pronoun / adjective

Note: Modifies 'puram'.

पुरम् (puram) - city, fortress

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

Note: Object of perception.

कामचरम् (kāmacaram) - moving at will, free to move anywhere

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāmacara

kāmacara - moving at will, going where one pleases

Bahuvrīhi compound: kāma (desire) + cara (moving)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāma+cara)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
• cara – moving, going
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √car (to move)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'puram'.

दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine, celestial, splendid

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly, splendid

Note: Modifies 'puram'.

पावकार्कसमप्रभम् (pāvakārkasamaprabham) - having a luster like fire and the sun

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāvakārkasamaprabha

pāvakārkasamaprabha - having a luster like fire and the sun

Bahuvrīhi compound: pāvaka (fire) + arka (sun) + sama (like) + prabhā (luster)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāvaka+arka+sama+prabhā)

• pāvaka – fire, pure, purifying
  noun (masculine)
• arka – sun, ray, praise
  noun (masculine)
• sama – like, equal, similar
  adjective (masculine)
• prabhā – light, splendor, luster
  noun (feminine)

Note: Modifies 'puram'.