महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-170, verse-12

त एते मुदिता नित्यमवध्याः सर्वदैवतैः ।
निवसन्त्यत्र राजेन्द्र गतोद्वेगा निरुत्सुकाः ।
मानुषो मृत्युरेतेषां निर्दिष्टो ब्रह्मणा पुरा ॥१२॥

12. ta ete muditā nityamavadhyāḥ sarvadaivataiḥ ,
nivasantyatra rājendra gatodvegā nirutsukāḥ ,
mānuṣo mṛtyureteṣāṁ nirdiṣṭo brahmaṇā purā.

12. taḥ ete muditāḥ nityam avadhyāḥ
sarvadaivataiḥ nivasanti atra rājendra
gatodvegāḥ nirutsukāḥ mānuṣaḥ
mṛtyuḥ eteṣām nirdiṣṭaḥ brahmaṇā purā

12. O king of kings, these beings, who are always joyful, free from anxiety, and devoid of longing, reside here, invulnerable to all deities. However, their death was formerly decreed by Brahmā to be brought about by humans.

Words meanings summery:

• तः (taḥ) - they, those

• एते (ete) - these

• मुदिताः (muditāḥ) - joyful, happy, delighted

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• अवध्याः (avadhyāḥ) - not to be killed, invulnerable, indestructible

• सर्वदैवतैः (sarvadaivataiḥ) - by all deities, by all gods

• निवसन्ति (nivasanti) - they dwell, they reside

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings, O best of kings, O Indra among kings

• गतोद्वेगाः (gatodvegāḥ) - free from anxiety, whose distress is gone, calm

• निरुत्सुकाः (nirutsukāḥ) - free from longing, devoid of eagerness or desire, unconcerned

• मानुषः (mānuṣaḥ) - human, pertaining to humans

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death, demise

• एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these, for these

• निर्दिष्टः (nirdiṣṭaḥ) - ordained, decreed, appointed, specified

• ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā (the creator god) (by Brahmā (the creator god), by the supreme universal principle (brahman))

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, in the past

Words meanings and morphology

तः (taḥ) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the beings mentioned in the previous context.

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Emphasizes the proximity or immediate reference to the previously mentioned beings.

मुदिताः (muditāḥ) - joyful, happy, delighted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mudita

mudita - joyful, happy, delighted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root mud (to rejoice, be glad) with suffix -ita

Root: mud (class 1)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb.

अवध्याः (avadhyāḥ) - not to be killed, invulnerable, indestructible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avadhya

avadhya - not to be killed, invulnerable

Gerundive

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with prefix a- (negation) and suffix -ya (gerundive)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vadhya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vadhya – to be killed, killable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with suffix -ya (gerundive)
  Root: han (class 2)

सर्वदैवतैः (sarvadaivataiḥ) - by all deities, by all gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarvadaivata

sarvadaivata - all deities, all gods

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+devata)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective (masculine)
• devata – deity, god
  noun (masculine)

निवसन्ति (nivasanti) - they dwell, they reside

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vas

Present active 3rd plural

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb of place.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings, O best of kings, O Indra among kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, best of kings

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra (chief of gods), chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used as a respectful address to a great king.

गतोद्वेगाः (gatodvegāḥ) - free from anxiety, whose distress is gone, calm

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gatodvega

gatodvega - free from anxiety

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+udvega)

• gata – gone, past
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go) with suffix -ta
  Root: gam (class 1)
• udvega – agitation, anxiety, distress
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vij (class 6)

निरुत्सुकाः (nirutsukāḥ) - free from longing, devoid of eagerness or desire, unconcerned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirutsuka

nirutsuka - free from longing, unconcerned

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (nis+utsuka)

• nis – out, forth, without
  indeclinable
  Negative or privative prefix
• utsuka – eager, longing, desirous
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from ud-suc, with suffix -ka
  Prefix: ud
  Root: suc (class 1)

मानुषः (mānuṣaḥ) - human, pertaining to humans

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, pertaining to humans

Derived from manu (human) with suffix -ṣa

Note: Qualifies 'mṛtyuḥ'.

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death, demise

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, demise

Derived from root mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: The subject of the second sentence.

एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these, for these

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the beings mentioned earlier.

निर्दिष्टः (nirdiṣṭaḥ) - ordained, decreed, appointed, specified

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirdiṣṭa

nirdiṣṭa - ordained, decreed, appointed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root diś (to point, indicate) with prefix nir-

Prefix: nis

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'mṛtyuḥ'.

ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā (the creator god) (by Brahmā (the creator god), by the supreme universal principle (brahman))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator god), the ultimate reality (brahman), priest

Note: Agent of the decree.

पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, in the past

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb of time.