महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-170, verse-36

अहं तु शरवर्षैस्तानस्त्रप्रमुदितै रणे ।
नाशक्नुवं पीडयितुं ते तु मां पर्यपीडयन् ॥३६॥

36. ahaṁ tu śaravarṣaistānastrapramuditai raṇe ,
nāśaknuvaṁ pīḍayituṁ te tu māṁ paryapīḍayan.

36. aham tu śaravarṣaiḥ tān astrapramuditaiḥ raṇe
| na aśaknuvam pīḍayitum te tu mām paryapīḍayan

36. I, however, despite my showers of arrows, was unable to distress them in battle, as they were joyful with their weapons; instead, they tormented me.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, on the other hand, however)

• शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - by showers of arrows

• तान् (tān) - the enemies (them)

• अस्त्रप्रमुदितैः (astrapramuditaiḥ) - by those delighted with weapons, joyful with weapons

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• न (na) - not

• अशक्नुवम् (aśaknuvam) - I was not able

• पीडयितुम् (pīḍayitum) - to distress (to torment, to distress)

• ते (te) - the enemies (they)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand, however)

• माम् (mām) - me

• पर्यपीडयन् (paryapīḍayan) - they tormented (they harassed, they tormented)

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - by showers of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

तान् (tān) - the enemies (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अस्त्रप्रमुदितैः (astrapramuditaiḥ) - by those delighted with weapons, joyful with weapons

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of astrapramudita

astrapramudita - delighted with weapons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (astra+pramudita)

• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)
• pramudita – delighted, joyful, pleased
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra + mud (root 'mud' to rejoice)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tān' (them) and indicates the reason for the speaker's inability to torment them.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Root: raṇ (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle

अशक्नुवम् (aśaknuvam) - I was not able

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of śak

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: From na + aśaknuvam (sandhi makes nāśaknuvam)

पीडयितुम् (pīḍayitum) - to distress (to torment, to distress)

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of pīḍ

infinitive

From the causative root pīḍ (class 10, pīḍayati)

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Infinitive expresses purpose or complements 'aśaknuvam'

ते (te) - the enemies (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the enemies

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

पर्यपीडयन् (paryapīḍayan) - they tormented (they harassed, they tormented)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pīḍ

Causative form of root pīḍ, prefixed with pari

Prefix: pari

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Derived from pari + pīḍ