महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-170, verse-53

उवाच चेदं वचनं प्रीयमाणः कृताञ्जलिः ।
सुरासुरैरसह्यं हि कर्म यत्साधितं त्वया ।
न ह्येतत्संयुगे कर्तुमपि शक्तः सुरेश्वरः ॥५३॥

53. uvāca cedaṁ vacanaṁ prīyamāṇaḥ kṛtāñjaliḥ ,
surāsurairasahyaṁ hi karma yatsādhitaṁ tvayā ,
na hyetatsaṁyuge kartumapi śaktaḥ sureśvaraḥ.

53. uvāca ca idam vacanam prīyamāṇaḥ
kṛtāñjaliḥ surāsuraiḥ asahyam hi
karma yat sādhitaṃ tvayā na hi etat
saṃyuge kartum api śaktaḥ sureśvaraḥ

53. And, with joined palms, being pleased, he spoke these words: 'Indeed, that act (karma) which you accomplished was unbearable for gods and demons alike. Surely, not even the lord of the gods is capable of performing this in battle.'

Words meanings summery:

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• इदम् (idam) - this (speech) (this)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - words (speech, word, statement)

• प्रीयमाणः (prīyamāṇaḥ) - being pleased (being pleased, delighting, loving)

• कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with joined palms (one who has made a respectful salutation with folded hands, with joined palms)

• सुरासुरैः (surāsuraiḥ) - by gods and demons

• असह्यम् (asahyam) - unbearable (unbearable, intolerable, irresistible)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• कर्म (karma) - act (action, deed, work, consequence of action, ritual)

• यत् (yat) - which (which, that, whatever)

• साधितं (sādhitaṁ) - accomplished (accomplished, achieved, effected)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• हि (hi) - surely (indeed, surely, for)

• एतत् (etat) - this (feat) (this)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in conflict, in encounter)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to perform (to do, to make, to perform)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too, moreover)

• शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable (able, capable, powerful)

• सुरेश्वरः (sureśvaraḥ) - lord of the gods (lord of gods, chief of gods (i.e., Indra))

Words meanings and morphology

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect tense form of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject is Matali (implied from previous verse).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this (speech) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Qualifies 'vacana'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - words (speech, word, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

प्रीयमाणः (prīyamāṇaḥ) - being pleased (being pleased, delighting, loving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīyamāṇa

prīyamāṇa - being pleased, delighting, loving

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root prī (class 4) with the śānac suffix

Root: prī (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (Matali).

कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with joined palms (one who has made a respectful salutation with folded hands, with joined palms)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali

kṛtāñjali - one who has made a respectful salutation with folded hands, with joined palms

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+añjali)

• kṛta – done, made
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• añjali – salutation with folded hands, palms joined
  noun (masculine)

Note: In apposition to the implied subject (Matali).

सुरासुरैः (surāsuraiḥ) - by gods and demons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of surāsura

surāsura - gods and demons

Compound type : dvandva (sura+asura)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• asura – demon, titan
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the agents who would find the deed unbearable.

असह्यम् (asahyam) - unbearable (unbearable, intolerable, irresistible)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asahya

asahya - unbearable, intolerable, irresistible

Gerundive

Derived from root sah with -ya suffix, prefixed with 'a' for negation

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sahya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• sahya – bearable, tolerable
  adjective
  Gerundive
  Derived from root sah with -ya suffix
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'karma'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

कर्म (karma) - act (action, deed, work, consequence of action, ritual)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, consequence of action

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the clause.

यत् (yat) - which (which, that, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, whatever

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'karma'.

साधितं (sādhitaṁ) - accomplished (accomplished, achieved, effected)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sādhita

sādhita - accomplished, achieved, effected

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sādh with -ita suffix

Root: sādh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'karma'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tva

tva - you

Note: Agent of the past passive participle 'sādhitaṃ'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - surely (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

एतत् (etat) - this (feat) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etas

etas - this, this one

Note: Refers to the act accomplished by the hero.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in conflict, in encounter)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, conflict, encounter

Root: yuj (class 7)

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to perform (to do, to make, to perform)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Derived from root kṛ with -tum suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Governed by 'śaktaḥ'.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'sureśvaraḥ'.

शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable (able, capable, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakta

śakta - able, capable, powerful

Past Passive Participle (secondary meaning)

Derived from root śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'sureśvaraḥ'.

सुरेश्वरः (sureśvaraḥ) - lord of the gods (lord of gods, chief of gods (i.e., Indra))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sureśvara

sureśvara - lord of gods, chief of gods (often referring to Indra)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sura+īśvara)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the clause 'na hy etat saṃyuge kartum api śaktaḥ'.