महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-337, verse-58

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एष ते कथितः पूर्वं संभवोऽस्मद्गुरोर्नृप ।
व्यासस्याक्लिष्टमनसो यथा पृष्टः पुनः शृणु ॥५८॥

58. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
eṣa te kathitaḥ pūrvaṁ saṁbhavo'smadgurornṛpa ,
vyāsasyākliṣṭamanaso yathā pṛṣṭaḥ punaḥ śṛṇu.

58. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca eṣa te kathitaḥ pūrvam sambhavaḥ asmat
guroḥ nṛpa vyāsasya akliṣṭamanasaḥ yathā pṛṣṭaḥ punaḥ śṛṇu

58. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca nṛpa te eṣaḥ asmat guroḥ vyāsasya
akliṣṭamanasaḥ sambhavaḥ pūrvam kathitaḥ yathā pṛṣṭaḥ punaḥ śṛṇu

58. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: O King, this origin of our spiritual teacher (guru), Vyāsa, whose mind is unblemished, has been narrated to you previously. As you asked, listen again.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एष (eṣa) - this (masculine)

• ते (te) - to you, your (singular)

• कथितः (kathitaḥ) - narrated, told

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, before

• सम्भवः (sambhavaḥ) - origin, birth, possibility

• अस्मत् (asmat) - our, of us

• गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher, of the preceptor

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king

• व्यासस्य (vyāsasya) - of Vyāsa

• अक्लिष्टमनसः (akliṣṭamanasaḥ) - of the unblemished mind, whose mind is pure

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - asked, questioned

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage, disciple of Vyāsa)

Note: Speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

Third person singular perfect active voice of root vac (class 2).

Root: vac (class 2)

एष (eṣa) - this (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, here, present

Note: Refers to 'sambhavaḥ'.

ते (te) - to you, your (singular)

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Here used in the dative sense 'to you'.

कथितः (kathitaḥ) - narrated, told

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kathita

kathita - told, narrated, spoken, said

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kath (to tell) with suffix -ta.

Root: kath (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sambhavaḥ'.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, before

(indeclinable)

Used adverbially here.

Note: Adverb modifying 'kathitaḥ'.

सम्भवः (sambhavaḥ) - origin, birth, possibility

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sambhava

sambhava - birth, origin, production, possibility, existence

Derived from sam + bhū (to be, arise).

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'kathitaḥ'.

अस्मत् (asmat) - our, of us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Possessive adjective modifying 'guroḥ'.

गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher, of the preceptor

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide, heavy, important

Note: Possessive relation to 'sambhavaḥ'.

नृप (nṛpa) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

Compound of nṛ (man) + pa (protector).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, preserver
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Addressing the king.

व्यासस्य (vyāsasya) - of Vyāsa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyāsa (name of a revered sage, compiler of Vedas and author of Mahabharata)

Note: Possessive relation to 'sambhavaḥ'.

अक्लिष्टमनसः (akliṣṭamanasaḥ) - of the unblemished mind, whose mind is pure

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of akliṣṭamanas

akliṣṭamanas - whose mind is pure/unblemished/unafflicted

Bahuvrīhi compound: a (not) + kliṣṭa (afflicted/blemished - PPP of kliś) + manas (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+kliṣṭa+manas)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• kliṣṭa – afflicted, troubled, distressed, blemished
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kliś (to suffer) with suffix -ta.
  Root: kliś (class 4)
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Epithet for Vyāsa, agrees with 'vyāsasya'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'pṛṣṭaḥ' to the preceding clause.

पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - asked, questioned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭa

pṛṣṭa - asked, questioned, inquired

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pṛcch (to ask) with suffix -ta.

Root: pṛcch (class 6)

Note: Refers to the king, implied 'you (king) were asked'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'śṛṇu'.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative Active

Second person singular imperative active voice of root śru (class 5).

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Command to the king.