महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-337, verse-2

किमेतान्येकनिष्ठानि पृथङ्निष्ठानि वा मुने ।
प्रब्रूहि वै मया पृष्टः प्रवृत्तिं च यथाक्रमम् ॥२॥

2. kimetānyekaniṣṭhāni pṛthaṅniṣṭhāni vā mune ,
prabrūhi vai mayā pṛṣṭaḥ pravṛttiṁ ca yathākramam.

2. kim etāni ekaniṣṭhāni pṛthakniṣṭhāni vā mune
prabrūhi vai mayā pṛṣṭaḥ pravṛttim ca yathākramam

2. mune,
etāni ekaniṣṭhāni vā pṛthakniṣṭhāni kim? mayā pṛṣṭaḥ vai (tvam) pravṛttim ca yathākramam prabrūhi.

2. O sage (muni), are these systems based on a single principle, or do they follow separate principles? Please explain their nature and sequence of operation, as I have asked.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what? (interrogative particle)

• एतानि (etāni) - these

• एकनिष्ठानि (ekaniṣṭhāni) - focused on one thing, having a single principle

• पृथक्निष्ठानि (pṛthakniṣṭhāni) - focused on separate things, having separate principles

• वा (vā) - or

• मुने (mune) - O sage

• प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - explain, tell forth, speak

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely (emphasizing particle)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - questioned, asked

• प्रवृत्तिम् (pravṛttim) - nature, mode of operation, tendency, activity

• च (ca) - and

• यथाक्रमम् (yathākramam) - in due order, sequentially, appropriately

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what? (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

एतानि (etāni) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of etad

etad - this, that

एकनिष्ठानि (ekaniṣṭhāni) - focused on one thing, having a single principle

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of ekaniṣṭha

ekaniṣṭha - abiding in one, devoted to one, focused on one principle

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (eka+niṣṭha)

• eka – one, single, unique
  numeral
• niṣṭha – abiding in, devoted to, focused on, resting on
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ni-'
  Prefix: ni
  Root: sthā (class 1)

पृथक्निष्ठानि (pṛthakniṣṭhāni) - focused on separate things, having separate principles

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of pṛthakniṣṭha

pṛthakniṣṭha - abiding separately, focused on distinct principles

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pṛthak+niṣṭha)

• pṛthak – separately, distinctly, individually
  indeclinable
• niṣṭha – abiding in, devoted to, focused on, resting on
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ni-'
  Prefix: ni
  Root: sthā (class 1)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

मुने (mune) - O sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, venerable person, silent one

प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - explain, tell forth, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of prabrū

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely (emphasizing particle)

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - questioned, asked

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭa

pṛṣṭa - asked, questioned, interrogated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'prach' (to ask, to question) with the past passive participle suffix '-ta'

Root: prach (class 6)

प्रवृत्तिम् (pravṛttim) - nature, mode of operation, tendency, activity

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pravṛtti

pravṛtti - activity, action, operation, course, nature, tendency, evolution

Derived from root 'vṛt' (to turn, to exist) with prefix 'pra-'

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यथाक्रमम् (yathākramam) - in due order, sequentially, appropriately

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+krama)

• yathā – as, according to, in which manner
  indeclinable
• krama – order, succession, sequence, method
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kram (class 1)