महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-337, verse-53

व्यास उवाच ।
एवं सारस्वतमृषिमपान्तरतमं तदा ।
उक्त्वा वचनमीशानः साधयस्वेत्यथाब्रवीत् ॥५३॥

53. vyāsa uvāca ,
evaṁ sārasvatamṛṣimapāntaratamaṁ tadā ,
uktvā vacanamīśānaḥ sādhayasvetyathābravīt.

53. vyāsaḥ uvāca evam sārasvatam ṛṣim apāntaratamam tadā
uktvā vacanam īśānaḥ sādhayasva iti atha abravīt

53. vyāsaḥ uvāca tadā īśānaḥ evam sārasvatam ṛṣim
apāntaratamam vacanam uktvā sādhayasva iti atha abravīt

53. Vyāsa said: Then, having thus spoken to the sage Sārasvata Apāntaratamas, the Lord (Īśāna) said, "Accomplish your task!"

Words meanings summery:

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyasa (a revered sage, compiler of Vedas and Mahābhārata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• सारस्वतम् (sārasvatam) - the sage named Sārasvata (relating to Sarasvatī; Sārasvata (name of a sage))

• ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage, seer, inspired poet

• अपान्तरतमम् (apāntaratamam) - the sage named Apāntaratamas, a previous incarnation of Vyasa (Apāntaratamas (proper name of a sage))

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement, command

• ईशानः (īśānaḥ) - the Lord (referring to a powerful deity who spoke to the sage) (lord, ruler, master (epithet of Śiva, but also used generally for powerful deities))

• साधयस्व (sādhayasva) - accomplish your designated task (accomplish, complete, bring about (imperative middle voice))

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

• अथ (atha) - then, and, now

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

Words meanings and morphology

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyasa (a revered sage, compiler of Vedas and Mahābhārata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyāsa (proper name of a sage); compiler, editor, arranger; diameter

From 'vi' + root 'as' (to throw, arrange).

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

Note: The speaker of this introductory phrase.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense, 3rd Person Singular

Reduplicated perfect form of root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle.

सारस्वतम् (sārasvatam) - the sage named Sārasvata (relating to Sarasvatī; Sārasvata (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārasvata

sārasvata - relating to Sarasvatī; produced from Sarasvatī; a descendant of Sarasvatī; name of a sage

Derived from 'Sarasvatī'.

Note: Object of 'uktvā'.

ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage, seer, inspired poet

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, a Vedic singer

From root 'ṛṣ' (to go, move, flow, know).

Root: ṛṣ

Note: Appositive to 'sārasvatam apāntaratamam'.

अपान्तरतमम् (apāntaratamam) - the sage named Apāntaratamas, a previous incarnation of Vyasa (Apāntaratamas (proper name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apāntaratama

apāntaratama - Apāntaratamas (a specific sage, often identified with Vyāsa in his previous birth); lit. 'most inward' or 'beyond inner darkness'

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (apa+antara+tama)

• apa – away, off, from, down; a negative or privative prefix
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating removal, separation, or completion.
• antara – inner, interior, within, interval, other, difference
  noun (neuter)
• tama – darkness, ignorance; (as suffix) most, greatest (superlative)
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'tam' (to be dark) or superlative suffix '-tama'.
  Root: tam

Note: Object of 'uktvā'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverbial, from 'tad' (that) + '-dā' (suffix for time).

Note: Specifies the time of the action.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'vac' + '-ktvā' suffix, forming the absolutive.

Root: vac (class 2)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement, command

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, statement, command

From root 'vac' (to speak) + '-ana' (suffix).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'uktvā'.

ईशानः (īśānaḥ) - the Lord (referring to a powerful deity who spoke to the sage) (lord, ruler, master (epithet of Śiva, but also used generally for powerful deities))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īśāna

īśāna - lord, ruler, master, powerful; epithet of Śiva

From root 'īś' (to rule) + '-āna' (suffix, also present participle stem).

Root: īś (class 2)

साधयस्व (sādhayasva) - accomplish your designated task (accomplish, complete, bring about (imperative middle voice))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of sādh

Imperative, 2nd Person Singular, Middle Voice (causative stem)

Causative stem 'sādhaya' + '-sva' (2nd sing. middle imperative ending).

Root: sādh (class 5)

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - then, and, now

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/adverb indicating sequence or introduction.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense, 3rd Person Singular

From root 'brū' (or 'vac' as alternative) + augment 'a' + ending.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the second clause, describing Īśāna's action.