महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-337, verse-56

मया हि सुमहत्तप्तं तपः परमदारुणम् ।
पुरा मतिमतां श्रेष्ठाः परमेण समाधिना ॥५६॥

56. mayā hi sumahattaptaṁ tapaḥ paramadāruṇam ,
purā matimatāṁ śreṣṭhāḥ parameṇa samādhinā.

56. mayā hi sumahat taptam tapaḥ paramadāruṇam
purā matimatām śreṣṭhāḥ parameṇa samādhinā

56. mayā hi purā parameṇa samādhinā sumahat
paramadāruṇam tapaḥ taptam matimatām śreṣṭhāḥ

56. Indeed, O best among the intelligent ones, I formerly performed a very great and extremely severe austerity (tapas) with the highest concentration (samādhi).

Words meanings summery:

• मया (mayā) - by me

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, exceedingly large

• तप्तम् (taptam) - performed, practiced, heated

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual fervor

• परमदारुणम् (paramadāruṇam) - extremely terrible, most severe

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, in the past

• मतिमताम् (matimatām) - of the intelligent ones, among the intelligent

• श्रेष्ठाः (śreṣṭhāḥ) - O best ones, most excellent ones

• परमेण (parameṇa) - with the highest, with the supreme

• समाधिना (samādhinā) - by/with concentration, by/with absorption

Words meanings and morphology

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Agent of the action 'taptam'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, exceedingly large

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large, exceedingly great

Compound of su (prefix, good/excellent/very) and mahat (great).

Compound type : avyayibhava (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix for intensification.
• mahat – great, large, vast, noble
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'tapaḥ'.

तप्तम् (taptam) - performed, practiced, heated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapta

tapta - heated, hot, tormented, performed (of austerity)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root tap (to heat, practice austerity) with suffix -ta.

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Used as a predicate adjective, implying 'was performed'.

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual fervor

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - religious austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

परमदारुणम् (paramadāruṇam) - extremely terrible, most severe

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of paramadāruṇa

paramadāruṇa - extremely terrible, most dreadful, very severe

Compound of parama (highest, supreme) and dāruṇa (terrible, severe).

Compound type : tatpurusha (parama+dāruṇa)

• parama – highest, supreme, utmost, excellent
  adjective
• dāruṇa – terrible, dreadful, severe, harsh
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'tapaḥ'.

पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, in the past

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates time.

मतिमताम् (matimatām) - of the intelligent ones, among the intelligent

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of matimat

matimat - intelligent, wise, endowed with understanding

Derived from mati (intellect) + -mat (possessing).

Note: Used in the context of 'best among'.

श्रेष्ठाः (śreṣṭhāḥ) - O best ones, most excellent ones

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, plural of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, supreme, chief

Superlative degree of praśasya (excellent).

Note: Addressing the audience.

परमेण (parameṇa) - with the highest, with the supreme

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, utmost, excellent

Note: Agrees with 'samādhinā'.

समाधिना (samādhinā) - by/with concentration, by/with absorption

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of samādhi

samādhi - concentration, absorption, meditation, profound contemplation

Derived from sam + ā + dhā (to place together).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Indicates the means by which the austerity was performed.