महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-337, verse-57

एतद्वः कथितं सर्वं यन्मां पृच्छथ पुत्रकाः ।
पूर्वजन्म भविष्यं च भक्तानां स्नेहतो मया ॥५७॥

57. etadvaḥ kathitaṁ sarvaṁ yanmāṁ pṛcchatha putrakāḥ ,
pūrvajanma bhaviṣyaṁ ca bhaktānāṁ snehato mayā.

57. etat vaḥ kathitam sarvam yat mām pṛcchatha putrakāḥ
pūrvajanma bhaviṣyam ca bhaktānām snehato mayā

57. putrakāḥ vaḥ etat sarvam kathitam yat mām pṛcchatha
mayā bhaktānām snehato pūrvajanma ca bhaviṣyam ca

57. O dear sons, all this that you asked me, concerning both past and future births, has been recounted by me out of affection for the devotees.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• वः (vaḥ) - to you, your (plural)

• कथितम् (kathitam) - narrated, told, spoken

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• माम् (mām) - me

• पृच्छथ (pṛcchatha) - you ask

• पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - O dear sons, O young ones

• पूर्वजन्म (pūrvajanma) - previous birth, former life

• भविष्यम् (bhaviṣyam) - future, what will be

• च (ca) - and

• भक्तानाम् (bhaktānām) - of the devotees

• स्नेहतो (snehato) - out of affection, from love

• मया (mayā) - by me

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etat

etat - this, here, present

Note: Refers to the entire narration.

वः (vaḥ) - to you, your (plural)

(pronoun)

plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Here used in the dative sense 'to you'.

कथितम् (kathitam) - narrated, told, spoken

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kathita

kathita - told, narrated, spoken, said

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kath (to tell) with suffix -ta.

Root: kath (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'etat sarvam'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'etat'.

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'etat sarvam'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Object of the verb 'pṛcchatha'.

पृच्छथ (pṛcchatha) - you ask

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pṛcch

Present Active Indicative

Second person plural active voice of root pṛcch (class 6).

Root: pṛcch (class 6)

पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - O dear sons, O young ones

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of putraka

putraka - dear son, young child (diminutive of putra)

Diminutive form of putra.

Note: Addressing the audience affectionately.

पूर्वजन्म (pūrvajanma) - previous birth, former life

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pūrvajanman

pūrvajanman - previous birth, former life

Compound of pūrva (previous) and janman (birth).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pūrva+janman)

• pūrva – previous, former, earlier
  adjective (neuter)
• janman – birth, origin, existence
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of narration, implied to be 'told'.

भविष्यम् (bhaviṣyam) - future, what will be

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaviṣya

bhaviṣya - future, what will be, destined to be

Future Passive Participle / Substantive of future tense

Derived from root bhū (to be) with suffix -iṣya. Can also be used as a noun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of narration, implied to be 'told'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'pūrvajanma' and 'bhaviṣyam'.

भक्तानाम् (bhaktānām) - of the devotees

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhakta

bhakta - devoted, loyal, devotee, worshipper

Past Passive Participle (often substantivized)

Derived from root bhaj (to worship) with suffix -ta.

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Refers to the beneficiaries of the affection.

स्नेहतो (snehato) - out of affection, from love

(indeclinable)

Derived from sneha (affection) with the suffix -tas (ablative adverbial).

Note: Indicates the cause or motive for recounting.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Agent in passive construction.