महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-124, verse-8

किमर्थं तप्यसे पुत्र श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वतः ।
श्रुत्वा त्वामनुनेष्यामि यदि सम्यग्भविष्यसि ॥८॥

8. kimarthaṁ tapyase putra śrotumicchāmi tattvataḥ ,
śrutvā tvāmanuneṣyāmi yadi samyagbhaviṣyasi.

8. kimartham tapyase putra śrotum icchāmi tattvataḥ
śrutvā tvām anuneṣyāmi yadi samyak bhaviṣyasi

8. putra kimartham tapyase? tattvataḥ śrotum icchāmi.
yadi samyak bhaviṣyasi,
tvām śrutvā anuneṣyāmi.

8. "Why are you grieving, my son? I wish to hear the truth (tattvataḥ). Having heard (your words), I will appease you, if you are indeed in the right."

Words meanings summery:

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why, for what purpose

• तप्यसे (tapyase) - you are tormented, you grieve

• पुत्र (putra) - O son

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly, in reality, factually

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• अनुनेष्यामि (anuneṣyāmi) - I will appease, I will pacify, I will persuade

• यदि (yadi) - if

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, rightly, completely

• भविष्यसि (bhaviṣyasi) - you will be

Words meanings and morphology

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why, for what purpose

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'kim' (what) and 'artha' (purpose)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kim+artha)

• kim – what, which
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

तप्यसे (tapyase) - you are tormented, you grieve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of tap

Root 'tap' in the present tense, middle voice, 2nd person singular

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Can also mean 'to perform austerity (tapas)' in active voice, but here it implies suffering.

पुत्र (putra) - O son

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of root 'śru'

Root: śru (class 5)

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root 'iṣ' in the present tense, 1st person singular

Root: iṣ (class 6)

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly, in reality, factually

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tattva' with suffix '-tas'

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'śru' with suffix '-tvā'

Root: śru (class 5)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अनुनेष्यामि (anuneṣyāmi) - I will appease, I will pacify, I will persuade

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of anunī

Root 'nī' with prefix 'anu', future tense, 1st person singular

Prefix: anu

Root: nī (class 1)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, rightly, completely

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'samyañc'

Prefix: sam

Root: añc (class 1)

Note: Often functions as an adverb.

भविष्यसि (bhaviṣyasi) - you will be

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Root 'bhū' in the future tense, 2nd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)