महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-124, verse-36

सोऽहं वागग्रपिष्टानां रसानामवलेहिता ।
स्वजात्यानधितिष्ठामि नक्षत्राणीव चन्द्रमाः ॥३६॥

36. so'haṁ vāgagrapiṣṭānāṁ rasānāmavalehitā ,
svajātyānadhitiṣṭhāmi nakṣatrāṇīva candramāḥ.

36. saḥ aham vāgagrapiṣṭānām rasānām avalehitā
svajātyān adhitiṣṭhāmi nakṣatrāṇi iva candramāḥ

36. saḥ aham vāgagrapiṣṭānām rasānām avalehitā asmi (ca)
candramāḥ iva nakṣatrāṇi svajātyān adhitiṣṭhāmi

36. I am that one, a taster (licker) of the finest-prepared essences of words. I preside over those of my own kind, just as the moon presides over the constellations.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the speaker, implying a specific, significant individual. (that, he)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• वागग्रपिष्टानाम् (vāgagrapiṣṭānām) - of the first-ground of speech, of the foremost-prepared words

• रसानाम् (rasānām) - of tastes, of essences, of sentiments

• अवलेहिता (avalehitā) - a licker, one who tastes thoroughly

• स्वजात्यान् (svajātyān) - those of one's own kind/class

• अधितिष्ठामि (adhitiṣṭhāmi) - I preside over, I stand over, I rule

• नक्षत्राणि (nakṣatrāṇi) - stars, constellations

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• चन्द्रमाः (candramāḥ) - moon

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the speaker, implying a specific, significant individual. (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used as a demonstrative pronoun in apposition to 'aham'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of the sentence.

वागग्रपिष्टानाम् (vāgagrapiṣṭānām) - of the first-ground of speech, of the foremost-prepared words

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, plural of vāgagrapiṣṭa

vāgagrapiṣṭa - of which speech is first ground; of the foremost-prepared speech/words

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vāc+agrapiṣṭa)

• vāc – speech, word
  noun (feminine)
• agrapiṣṭa – first-ground, foremost-prepared
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Compound of 'agra' (first) and 'piṣṭa' (ground); derived from root √piṣ (to grind)
  Root: piṣ (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'rasānām'.

रसानाम् (rasānām) - of tastes, of essences, of sentiments

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rasa

rasa - taste, essence, fluid, sentiment

Note: Modified by 'vāgagrapiṣṭānām'.

अवलेहिता (avalehitā) - a licker, one who tastes thoroughly

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avalehitṛ

avalehitṛ - licker, taster

Agent noun

Derived from root √lih (to lick) with prefix ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: lih (class 2)

Note: Predicate of 'aham'.

स्वजात्यान् (svajātyān) - those of one's own kind/class

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of svajātīya

svajātīya - of one's own caste/kind/class

Derived from svajāti (one's own kind)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+jātīya)

• sva – one's own
  pronoun
• jātīya – belonging to a kind/class
  adjective
  Derived from jāti (class, birth)

Note: Object of 'adhitiṣṭhāmi'.

अधितिष्ठामि (adhitiṣṭhāmi) - I preside over, I stand over, I rule

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √sthā

Prefix: adhi

Root: sthā (class 1)

नक्षत्राणि (nakṣatrāṇi) - stars, constellations

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of nakṣatra

nakṣatra - star, constellation

Note: Object of the comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for comparison.

चन्द्रमाः (candramāḥ) - moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of candramas

candramas - moon

Note: Subject of the comparison.