महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-124, verse-46

तमपृच्छन्महाकायं प्रह्रादः को भवानिति ।
प्रत्याह ननु शीलोऽस्मि त्यक्तो गच्छाम्यहं त्वया ॥४६॥

46. tamapṛcchanmahākāyaṁ prahrādaḥ ko bhavāniti ,
pratyāha nanu śīlo'smi tyakto gacchāmyahaṁ tvayā.

46. tam apṛcchan mahākāyam prahrādaḥ kaḥ bhavān iti
pratyāha nanu śīlaḥ asmi tyaktaḥ gacchāmi aham tvayā

46. prahrādaḥ tam mahākāyam kaḥ bhavān iti apṛcchan saḥ
pratyāha nanu aham śīlaḥ asmi tvayā tyaktaḥ gacchāmi

46. Prahlāda asked that mighty-bodied being, "Who are you?" He replied, "Indeed, I am good conduct (śīla). I am departing, having been forsaken by you."

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• अपृच्छन् (apṛcchan) - asked

• महाकायम् (mahākāyam) - mighty-bodied, having a great body

• प्रह्रादः (prahrādaḥ) - Prahlāda

• कः (kaḥ) - who?

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks direct speech)

• प्रत्याह (pratyāha) - he replied, he answered

• ननु (nanu) - indeed, surely, is it not?

• शीलः (śīlaḥ) - conduct, character, good behavior (śīla)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• त्यक्तः (tyaktaḥ) - abandoned, forsaken

• गच्छामि (gacchāmi) - I go, I depart

• अहम् (aham) - I

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

अपृच्छन् (apṛcchan) - asked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of prach

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Grammatically, the verb 'apṛcchan' (3rd person plural imperfect) does not match the singular subject 'Prahlādaḥ'. This might be a textual variation or a poetic usage where a plural verb is used for a singular, respectful subject, or potentially a scribal error. Translated as singular 'asked' based on context.

महाकायम् (mahākāyam) - mighty-bodied, having a great body

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahākāya

mahākāya - great-bodied, having a large body, colossal

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+kāya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• kāya – body, mass, collection
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' (him).

प्रह्रादः (prahrādaḥ) - Prahlāda

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahlāda

prahlāda - Prahlāda (a celebrated demon king, devotee of Vishnu)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

कः (kaḥ) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (polite), your honor

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'bhū' (to be) + 'śatṛ' suffix. Used as a polite second-person pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks direct speech)

(indeclinable)

प्रत्याह (pratyāha) - he replied, he answered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (used as present) (lit) of prati-ā-hā

Formed from 'prati' (back) + 'āha' (he said, archaic perfect form of 'ah', often used as a present).

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: ah

ननु (nanu) - indeed, surely, is it not?

(indeclinable)

शीलः (śīlaḥ) - conduct, character, good behavior (śīla)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śīla

śīla - conduct, character, custom, habit, good disposition, virtue (śīla)

Note: Predicate nominative with 'asmi'.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

त्यक्तः (tyaktaḥ) - abandoned, forsaken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tyakta

tyakta - abandoned, forsaken, given up, left

Past Passive Participle

From root 'tyaj' (to abandon) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'aham' (I).

गच्छामि (gacchāmi) - I go, I depart

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gam

From root 'gam' (to go), 1st class verb, present tense.

Root: gam (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of 'gacchāmi' and 'asmi'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'tyaktaḥ'.