महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-124, verse-63

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
सोपायं पूर्वमुद्दिष्टं प्रह्रादेन महात्मना ।
संक्षेपतस्तु शीलस्य शृणु प्राप्तिं नराधिप ॥६३॥

63. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
sopāyaṁ pūrvamuddiṣṭaṁ prahrādena mahātmanā ,
saṁkṣepatastu śīlasya śṛṇu prāptiṁ narādhipa.

63. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca sa-upāyam pūrvam uddiṣṭam prahrādena
mahātmanā saṅkṣepataḥ tu śīlasya śṛṇu prāptim narādhipa

63. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca narādhipa sa-upāyam pūrvam mahātmanā
prahrādena uddiṣṭam tu saṅkṣepataḥ śīlasya prāptim śṛṇu

63. Dhritarashtra said: The method (of attaining good character) was previously expounded by the great-souled Prahlada. But now, O ruler of men, listen to a brief account of how good character (śīla) is attained.

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra (proper name) (Dhritarashtra)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• स-उपायम् (sa-upāyam) - with its method (with its means, along with the method)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously (previously, before, formerly)

• उद्दिष्टम् (uddiṣṭam) - expounded (indicated, declared, taught, expounded)

• प्रह्रादेन (prahrādena) - by Prahlada

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (Prahlada) (by the great-souled one, by the noble one)

• सङ्क्षेपतः (saṅkṣepataḥ) - briefly (briefly, concisely)

• तु (tu) - but, now (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• शीलस्य (śīlasya) - of good character (śīla) (of good conduct, of character, of virtue)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (listen, hear (imperative))

• प्राप्तिम् (prāptim) - the attainment (attainment, acquisition, reaching)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O ruler of men (vocative) (king, ruler of men)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra (proper name) (Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (proper name of the blind king of Hastinapura)

Literally 'he who holds the kingdom'.

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active indicative

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice, from root √vac (class 2).

Root: vac (class 2)

स-उपायम् (sa-upāyam) - with its method (with its means, along with the method)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sa-upaya

sa-upaya - endowed with means, with a method

Bahuvrihi compound: sa (with) + upaya (means/method).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+upaya)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating association.
• upaya – means, method, resource
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix upa- and root √i (to go).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies uddiṣṭam.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously (previously, before, formerly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying uddiṣṭam.

उद्दिष्टम् (uddiṣṭam) - expounded (indicated, declared, taught, expounded)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uddiṣṭa

uddiṣṭa - indicated, declared, appointed, taught

Past Passive Participle

From root √diś (to point, to declare) with prefix ud-.

Prefix: ud

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Refers to the 'means' or 'topic'.

प्रह्रादेन (prahrādena) - by Prahlada

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prahrāda

prahrāda - Prahlada (a famous devotee in Hindu mythology)

Derived from √hrād (to make a noise, to be glad) with pra-.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (Prahlada) (by the great-souled one, by the noble one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, highly endowed, magnanimous (ātman)

Compound: mahā (great) + ātman (self/soul).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  From mahat.
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

सङ्क्षेपतः (saṅkṣepataḥ) - briefly (briefly, concisely)

(indeclinable)

From saṃ-kṣip (to compress). The suffix -tas forms adverbs of manner/origin.

तु (tu) - but, now (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

शीलस्य (śīlasya) - of good character (śīla) (of good conduct, of character, of virtue)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of śīla

śīla - good conduct, character, virtue, moral habit, nature

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (listen, hear (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative active

Imperative, 2nd person singular, active voice, from root √śru (class 5).

Root: śru (class 5)

प्राप्तिम् (prāptim) - the attainment (attainment, acquisition, reaching)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prāpti

prāpti - attainment, acquisition, reaching, arrival

From root √āp (to obtain) with prefix pra- and suffix -ti.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O ruler of men (vocative) (king, ruler of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler of men, sovereign

Compound: nara (man) + adhipa (ruler).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, chief
  noun (masculine)
  From adhi- + √pā (to protect).
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)