महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-1, verse-59

विनर्दन्ति स्म पाञ्चालाः क्ष्वेडन्ति च हसन्ति च ।
धमन्ति शङ्खाञ्शतशो हृष्टा घ्नन्ति च दुन्दुभीन् ॥५९॥

59. vinardanti sma pāñcālāḥ kṣveḍanti ca hasanti ca ,
dhamanti śaṅkhāñśataśo hṛṣṭā ghnanti ca dundubhīn.

59. vinardanti sma pāñcālāḥ kṣveḍanti ca hasanti ca
dhamanti śaṅkhān śataśaḥ hṛṣṭāḥ ghnanti ca dundubhīn

59. pāñcālāḥ vinardanti sma ca kṣveḍanti ca hasanti
hṛṣṭāḥ śataśaḥ śaṅkhān dhamanti ca dundubhīn ghnanti

59. The Pāñcālas roared, shouted, and laughed. Delighted, they blew hundreds of conch shells and beat the drums.

Words meanings summery:

• विनर्दन्ति (vinardanti) - they roar, they shout

• स्म (sma) - an intensifier, indicates past tense when used with present tense verbs

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pāñcālas (people of the Pañcāla kingdom)

• क्ष्वेडन्ति (kṣveḍanti) - they shout, they bellow

• च (ca) - and

• हसन्ति (hasanti) - they laugh

• च (ca) - and

• धमन्ति (dhamanti) - they blow

• शङ्खान् (śaṅkhān) - conch shells

• शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, in hundreds

• हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, joyful

• घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - they strike, they beat

• च (ca) - and

• दुन्दुभीन् (dundubhīn) - drums

Words meanings and morphology

विनर्दन्ति (vinardanti) - they roar, they shout

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vinard

Prefix: vi

Root: nard (class 1)

स्म (sma) - an intensifier, indicates past tense when used with present tense verbs

(indeclinable)

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pāñcālas (people of the Pañcāla kingdom)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - belonging to the Pañcāla country; a king or people of Pañcāla

क्ष्वेडन्ति (kṣveḍanti) - they shout, they bellow

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of kṣveḍ

Root: kṣveḍ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

हसन्ति (hasanti) - they laugh

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of has

Root: has (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

धमन्ति (dhamanti) - they blow

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of dham

Root: dham (class 1)

शङ्खान् (śaṅkhān) - conch shells

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śaṅkha

śaṅkha - conch shell, a kind of weapon, a large number (10 billion)

शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, in hundreds

(indeclinable)

हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, joyful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, pleased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root hṛṣ (to be excited, rejoice)

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - they strike, they beat

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दुन्दुभीन् (dundubhīn) - drums

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dundubhi

dundubhi - a large drum, a kettledrum